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A rotenone organotypic whole hemisphere slice model of mitochondrial abnormalities in the neonatal brain.
J Biol Eng
November 2024
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Mitochondrial abnormalities underscore a variety of neurologic injuries and diseases and are well-studied in adult populations. Clinical studies identify critical roles of mitochondria in a wide range of developmental brain injuries, but models that capture mitochondrial abnormalities in systems representative of the neonatal brain environment are lacking. Here, we develop an organotypic whole-hemisphere (OWH) brain slice model of mitochondrial dysfunction in the neonatal brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo-year trajectories of anhedonia in adolescents at transdiagnostic risk for severe mental illness: Association with clinical symptoms and brain-symptom links.
J Psychopathol Clin Sci
November 2024
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh.
Anhedonia emerges during adolescence and is characteristic of severe mental illness (SMI). To understand how anhedonia emerges, changes with time, and relates with other symptoms, there is a need to understand patterns of this symptom's course reflecting change or stability-and associations with clinical symptoms and neural reward circuitry in adolescents at risk of SMI. In total, 113 adolescents at low or high familial risk of developing SMI completed clinical measures at up to five time points across 2 years and functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning during a guessing reward task at baseline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeverity and Number of Substances Used are Independently Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Over Time among People with HIV in the Current Treatment Era.
AIDS Behav
October 2024
Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Substance use is associated with decreased antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among people with HIV (PWH). Adherence plays a significant role in mediating the negative effects of substance use on HIV suppression and is a principal modifiable patient-level factor in improving HIV suppression and reducing ART drug resistance. Understanding substance use and ART adherence, particularly with rapidly changing substance use epidemiology and ART regimens, is vital to improving HIV care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParticipant-reported personal utility of genetic testing for Parkinson's disease and interest in clinical trial participation.
NPJ Parkinsons Dis
October 2024
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Genetic testing for Parkinson's disease (PD) is infrequently performed due to perceptions of low utility. We investigated the personal utility in PD GENEration and how results lead to enrollment in additional research studies. Participants (n = 972) underwent genetic testing, results disclosure, genetic counseling, and completed a survey examining the perceived personal utility of their results and interest in participating in additional studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSafety, tolerability, and efficacy of subcutaneous efgartigimod in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (ADHERE): a multicentre, randomised-withdrawal, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
Lancet Neurol
October 2024
Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Background: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an autoimmune disease of the peripheral nervous system that can lead to severe disability from muscle weakness and sensory disturbances. Around a third of patients do not respond to currently available treatments, and many patients with a partial response have residual neurological impairment, highlighting the need for effective alternatives. Efgartigimod alfa, a human IgG1 antibody Fc fragment, has demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis.
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