Today adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapies are standard treatment for many types of cancer. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy or immunotherapy applied before, during or after an operation can lower the risk of relapse and hence, increase the chances of a cure. After neoadjuvant therapy, frequently the organ does not have to be removed in the subsequent operation. Depending on the risk of relapse, adjuvant therapies are employed after due consideration of benefit, risk and duration of treatment. In ongoing clinical studies, the possibilities of influencing the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are being investigated.
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A case of subcutaneous metastatic malignant melanoma of the left medial ankle: a case report and review of literature.
J Med Case Rep
December 2024
College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
Background: Although rare, melanoma confined to the dermis or subcutaneous tissue without evidence of a primary cutaneous site should provoke consideration of melanoma of unknown primary. This diagnosis carries a favorable prognosis when compared with cutaneous metastatic melanoma. Several hypotheses have been proposed for how melanoma of unknown primary develops, two of which were considered in our patient case: (1) spontaneous regression of the primary tumor following metastasis or (2) the traumatic implantation of ectopic melanocytic cells in other tissues, such as the subcutaneous tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSequential STING and CD40 agonism drives massive expansion of tumor-specific T cells in liposomal peptide vaccines.
Cell Mol Immunol
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
The clinical use of cancer vaccines is hampered by the low magnitude of induced T-cell responses and the need for repetitive antigen stimulation. Here, we demonstrate that liposomal formulations with incorporated STING agonists are optimally suited to deliver peptide antigens to dendritic cells in vivo and to activate dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid organs. One week after liposomal priming, systemic administration of peptides and a costimulatory agonistic CD40 antibody enables ultrarapid expansion of T cells, resulting in massive expansion of tumor-specific T cells in the peripheral blood two weeks after priming.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNo impairment of quality of life after radiotherapy for prostate cancer.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, Regensburg, Germany.
There are concerns that radiotherapy for prostate cancer influences health-related quality of life in the long term. Furthermore, it is unclear whether postoperative radiotherapy is associated with a different quality of life due to a higher treatment burden compared to patients having received definitive radiotherapy for prostate cancer. This study enrolled 247 patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer who received external radiotherapy between 2011 and 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKappa opioid receptor internalisation-induced p38 nuclear translocation suppresses glioma progression.
Br J Anaesth
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China. Electronic address:
Background: Recent studies have implicated a role for perioperative medications in determining patient outcomes after surgery for malignant tumours, including relapse and metastasis.
Methods: A combined approach spanned molecular, cellular, and organismal levels, including bioinformatics, immunohistochemical staining of clinical and animal samples, RNA sequencing of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, lentiviral-mediated gene expression modulation, in vitro cell experiments, and in vivo orthotopic tumour transplantation.
Results: We observed a significant correlation between increased kappa opioid receptor (KOP receptor) expression and better prognosis in patients with glioma.
Menopausal Symptom Burden in Premenopausal Breast Cancer Patients: Interaction of Chemotherapy and Ovarian Function Suppression on Tamoxifen Treatment.
Clin Breast Cancer
December 2024
College of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-state 24341, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Aim: To compare menopausal symptoms between tamoxifen alone and tamoxifen with ovarian function suppression (OFS) over 12 months, identifying related factors.
Methods: This prospective, observational study included 209 premenopausal patients with breast cancer on tamoxifen, recruited from Asan Medical Center, Republic of Korea. We collected demographic and clinical information from the participants' medical records and assessed menopausal symptoms using the Korean Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) at 3-, 6-, and 12-months postdiagnosis.
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