Background: Neurological complication of loiasis is an uncommon event, and is usually precipitated by treatment especially if microfilaria loads are high.
Objective: To report an unusual presentation of loiasis with central nervous system involvement.
Case Report: A 60-year-old farmer of Yoruba origin from Southwestern Nigeria, developed meningoencephalitis from Loa loa, unrelated to antifilarial drug treatment. The presentation was unusual hence there was a slight delay in diagnosis. This case draws attention to L. loa, a neglected filarial, and highlights the unusual manifestation and diagnostic difficulties it can pose even in areas endemic for the infection.
Conclusion: This case illustrates the high mortality associated with L. loa infection when the central nervous system is directly involved.
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