Many organisms have symbioses with photosynthetic algae as typified by corals, clams, lichens, and some protozoa. Paramecium bursaria contains green algal symbionts and this unicellular ciliate is a textbook example used for microscopic observation in junior high school science projects. We have determined molecular phylogenies for the green algal symbionts. The symbiotic algae are the main constituent of the Paramecium cytoplasm, and we have recognized a total of four species, of which two were newly discovered in the present study. One should be regarded genetically as Chlorella vulgaris, and it belongs phylogenetically to the Chlorella clade (Chlorellaceae, Trebouxiophyceae) as well as "American" and "European" groups, which we previously introduced. Their genetic dissimilarities are 0.50-0.83% in 18S rDNA comparisons, but those of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) reach an unambiguous level (22.6-26.6%). These dissimilarities suggest that they are equivalent to discrete species derived from multiple origins as paramecian symbionts. Another newcomer was clearly separated from the Chlorellaceae, and this alga clustered with Coccomyxa spp. in ITS2 analyses. These symbiotic relations indicate multiple origins of symbionts.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2007.08.002 | DOI Listing |
Methods Mol Biol
January 2025
Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.
StarTrack is a powerful multicolor genetic tool designed to unravel cellular lineages arising from neural progenitor cells (NPCs). This innovative technique, based on retrospective clonal analysis and built upon the PiggyBac system, creates a unique and inheritable "color code" within NPCs. Through the stochastic integration of 12 distinct plasmids encoding six fluorescent proteins, StarTrack enables precise and comprehensive tracking of cellular fates and progenitor potentials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Environ Microbiol
December 2024
Microbiological Sciences Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA.
is an important bacterial pathogen implicated in infections such as mastitis, metritis, pneumonia, and liver abscesses in both domestic and wild animals, as well as endocarditis and prosthetic joint infections in humans. Understanding the genomic and metabolic features that enable to colonize different anatomical sites within a host and its inter-kingdom transmission and survival is important for the effective control of this pathogen. We employed whole-genome sequencing, phenotype microarrays, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to identify genomic, metabolic and phenotypic features, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in recovered from different livestock, companion, and wildlife animals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
January 2025
Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Ebola virus (EBOV) causes severe human disease. During late infection, EBOV virions are on the skin's surface; however, the permissive skin cell types and the route of virus translocation to the epidermal surface are unknown. We describe a human skin explant model and demonstrate that EBOV infection of human skin via basal media increases in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
In recent years, new oil reservoirs have been discovered and exploited in the ninth member (Chang 9 Member, Ty) of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation (Ty) in the Longdong area, Ordos Basin. Some studies have shown that the crude oils of the Chang 9 Member may originate from the Chang 9 source rock in some areas, which may be related to the distribution of the source rock. However, the distribution of the Chang 9 source rock in the Longdong area is still unclear, which hinders further exploration and development of petroleum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMymensingh Med J
January 2025
Dr Md Mahbubul Alam, Junior consultant (Medicine), National Gastroliver Institute and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological neoplasm of mature B-cell lineage origin. It is characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells and presence of monoclonal protein in serum and / or urine. This study was conducted to observe the International Staging System (ISS) status and trends of relapse.
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