AI Article Synopsis
- Oral Ad-HIV vaccines are moving forward into human trials, showing potential efficacy based on previous studies in non-human primates with different administration methods.
- Comparing oral versus intranasal/oral priming in rhesus macaques, the intranasal/oral method yielded stronger cellular immune responses.
- Both administration groups demonstrated similar mucosal immunity and protection against SIV challenge, but pre-challenge immune responses did not effectively predict protective outcomes, indicating a need for better ways to evaluate mucosal immunity.
Article Abstract
Oral, replication-competent Ad-HIV vaccines are advancing to human trials. Previous evaluation of protective efficacy in non-human primates has primarily followed upper respiratory tract administrations. Here we compared sequential oral (O/O) versus intranasal/oral (I/O) priming of rhesus macaques with Ad5 host range mutant-SIV recombinants expressing SIV env/rev, gag, and nef genes followed by boosting with SIV gp120 protein. Cellular immune responses in PBMC were stronger and more frequent after I/O administration. Both groups developed mucosal immunity, including memory cells in bronchial alveolar lavage, and gut-homing receptors on PBMC. Following intrarectal SIV(mac251) challenge, both groups exhibited equivalent, significant protection and robust post-challenge cellular immunity. Our results illustrate the promise of oral replication-competent Ad-recombinant vaccines. Pre-challenge PBMC ELISPOT and proliferative responses did not predict protection in the O/O group, highlighting the need for simple, non-invasive methods to reliably assess mucosal immunity.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.09.017 | DOI Listing |
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