After sarin inhalation exposure of rats pretreated with equine serum butyrylcholinesterase (EqBuChE), cholinesterase activities of the whole blood, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocytes, pontomedullar area, frontal cortex, and striatum of the brain, and plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) were determined. Using different doses of EqBuChE as a pretreatment (intraperitoneal injection), dose-dependent increases in plasma BuChE activity and no changes in the erythrocyte and brain AChE activities were demonstrated. Decreases in plasma BuChE activity and red blood cells (RBC) and brain AChE activities were observed in control rats after sarin inhalation exposure without EqBuChE pretreatment. In rats pretreated with EqBuChE, this inhibition was lower compared with control animals not only in the blood but also in the brain structures studied. These results demonstrate protective effects of EqBuChE pretreatment in rats intoxicated with sublethal concentrations of sarin by inhalation.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01480540701522395 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Contextualizing the void of research on inhalant abuse among adolescents as epistemic neglect, in this study, we use mixed-methods action research to understand inhalant abuse in a specific context in the Global South. Focusing on a large metropolitan city in Western India, we surveyed 158 street-involved children and adolescents (110 boys and 48 girls, age range from 5 to 17 years) in a group setting along with follow-up group interviews. Despite finding a high prevalence rate of inhalant abuse, our work suggests an absence of supporting structures and emphasizes the need to revisit our understanding and interpretation of substance-using behavior of street-involved youth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBody mass index in relation to symptom presentation on diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis in children.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol
October 2023
Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy-Immunology & Sleep Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health and the Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana. Electronic address:
Background: The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) among children is not well characterized.
Objective: To evaluate the presentations of EoE in pediatric patients of different weight classes.
Methods: Records of newly diagnosed children with EoE at an academic center from 2015 to 2018 were evaluated regarding demographics, symptom presentation, and endoscopic findings and compared among the underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese groups.
Qualitative exploration of longer versus shorter quit attempts among adults using E-Cigarettes for combustible cigarette cessation.
Addict Behav
August 2023
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, CMHC, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. Electronic address:
Empirical evidence about the effectiveness of using e-cigarettes to quit smoking cigarettes remains inconclusive, yet e-cigarettes are commonly used for smoking cessation. Moreover, people who have longer duration quit attempts are likely to have even longer quit attempts in the future. Researchers analyzed 40 qualitative interviews to assess adults' experiences using e-cigarettes during their longest duration quit attempt.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA single post-exposure oxime RS194B treatment rapidly reactivates acetylcholinesterase and reverses acute symptoms in macaques exposed to diethylphosphorothioate parathion and chlorpyrifos insecticides.
J Neurochem
April 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Millions of individuals globally suffer from inadvertent, occupational or self-harm exposures from organophosphate (OP) insecticides, significantly impacting human health. Similar to nerve agents, insecticides are neurotoxins that target and inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in central and peripheral synapses in the cholinergic nervous system. Post-exposure therapeutic countermeasures generally include administration of atropine with an oxime to reactivate the OP-inhibited AChE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA review of chemical warfare agents linked to respiratory and neurological effects experienced in Gulf War Illness.
Inhal Toxicol
November 2022
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Over 40% of veterans from the Persian Gulf War (GW) (1990-1991) suffer from Gulf War Illness (GWI). Thirty years since the GW, the exposure and mechanism contributing to GWI remain unclear. One possible exposure that has been attributed to GWI are chemical warfare agents (CWAs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!