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: Previous studies of topographical disorientation have focused on cerebrovascular diseases. However, a detailed assessment of patients with neurodegenerative diseases may aid our understanding of spatial navigation. We report the case of a patient with right temporal variant frontotemporal dementia (rtvFTD) initially presenting with heading disorientation, a distinct category of topographical disorientation.

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Long-lasting pure topographical disorientation due to heading disorientation following left retrosplenial infarction: A report of two cases.

Brain Cogn

November 2024

Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Japan. Electronic address:

Topographical disorientation is linked to lesions in the right hemisphere and typically resolves within a few months post-stroke. Persistent topographical disorientation is uncommon and frequently accompanied by impairments in visual memory, complicating the analysis of the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we report two cases of sustained pure topographical disorientation following cerebral hemorrhages in the left retrosplenial region.

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Case Presentation: A 51-year-old male patient with FD has been receiving ERT from age of 38 years.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how deficits in visuospatial long-term memory can forecast navigation difficulties in older adults as they progress from normal aging to Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • It involved assessing 72 participants, including those with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and healthy controls, using a navigation test and a learning task to measure performance.
  • Results indicated that higher performance in the learning task correlated with fewer navigation mistakes and hesitations, suggesting the potential of the learning test as a tool for evaluating navigational abilities in individuals at risk for AD.
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