"Southern Resident" killer whales include three "pods" (J, K and L) that reside primarily in Puget Sound/Georgia Basin during the spring, summer and fall. This population was listed as "endangered" in the US and Canada following a 20% decline between 1996 and 2001. The current study, using blubber/epidermis biopsy samples, contributes contemporary information about potential factors (i.e., levels of pollutants or changes in diet) that could adversely affect Southern Residents. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes indicated J- and L-pod consumed prey from similar trophic levels in 2004/2006 and also showed no evidence for a large shift in the trophic level of prey consumed by L-pod between 1996 and 2004/2006. Sigma PCBs decreased for Southern Residents biopsied in 2004/2006 compared to 1993-1995. Surprisingly, however, a three-year-old male whale (J39) had the highest concentrations of Sigma PBDEs, Sigma HCHs and HCB. POP ratio differences between J- and L-pod suggested that they occupy different ranges in winter.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.08.015 | DOI Listing |
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology, Ministry of Education; College of Materials Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China. Electronic address:
Keto reductases are crucial NAD(P)H-dependent enzymes used for the enantioselective synthesis of alcohols from prochiral ketones. Typically, the NADPH cofactor is regenerated through a second enzyme and/or substrate. However, photocatalytic cofactor regeneration using water as a sacrificial electron and hydrogen donor presents a promising alternative, albeit a challenging one.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Cosmochemistry and Isotope Signatures Group Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550.
The radiogenic isotopic compositions of basaltic Martian meteorites (shergottites) and clinopyroxene/olivine cumulate meteorites (nakhlite/chassignites) are used to define the global evolution of Mars. However, the two main groups of meteorites demonstrate that their sources underwent divergent styles of magmatic evolution. The shergottites portray a planet that differentiated ~4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom.
Much has been learned about Mars through data returned from space missions and analyses of martian meteorites. There are, however, many questions still outstanding which cannot currently be answered-including the issue of whether there is, or was, life on Mars. The return of a cache of samples-including of the atmosphere-from separate locations in Jezero Crater and with differing petrogeneses will provide the international community with the opportunity to explore part of the evolutionary history of Mars in great detail.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Res Food Sci
December 2024
Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi, 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
Stable isotope analysis has become a valuable tool for studying food chain processes and verifying the authenticity and geographical origin of typical products. The analysis is particularly important for those foods with geographical indications, such as Aceto Balsamico Tradizionale di Modena labelled with the protected designation of origin mark (ABTM PDO) and Aceto Balsamico di Modena with the protected geographical indication (ABM PGI). Understanding how the aging process affects the isotopic composition of specific compounds in ABTM is important for distinguishing between traditional and non-traditional products, as well as for verifying their authenticity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
December 2024
Department of Molecular Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Saxony, Germany.
Protein-based stable isotope probing (protein-SIP) can link microbial taxa to substrate assimilation. Traditionally, protein-SIP requires a sample-specific metagenome-derived database for samples with unknown composition. Here, we describe GroEL-prototyping-based stable isotope probing (GroEL-SIP), that uses GroEL as a taxonomic marker protein to identify bacterial taxa (GroEL-proteotyping) coupled to SIP directly linking identified taxa to substrate consumption.
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