Two 26-membered macrolides, amphidinolides B6 ( 2) and B7 ( 1), have been isolated from a marine symbiotic dinoflagellate Amphidinium sp., and the structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed analyses of 2D NMR data. The relative and absolute configurations for 1 and 2 were assigned by comparison of NMR data and CD data with those of known amphidinolides.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np0703085 | DOI Listing |
Environ Microbiol
December 2024
School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
Oxylipin signalling is central in biology, mediating processes such as cellular homeostasis, inflammation and molecular signalling. It may also facilitate inter-partner communication in the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis, though this aspect remains understudied. In this study, four oxylipin receptors were characterised using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting in the sea anemone Exaiptasia diaphana ('Aiptasia'): Prostaglandin E2 receptor 2 (EP2) and 4 (EP4), Transient Receptor Potential cation channel A1 (TRPA1) and Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic, Kainate 2 (GRIK2).
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December 2024
Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8050, Japan.
Photosymbiosis, a mode of mixotrophy by algal endosymbiosis, provides key advantage to pelagic life in oligotrophic oceans. Despite its ecological importance, mechanisms underlying its emergence and association with the evolutionary success of photosymbiotic lineages remain unclear. We used planktonic foraminifera, a group of pelagic test-forming protists with an excellent fossil record, to reveal the history of symbiont acquisition among their three main extant clades.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFree Radic Biol Med
November 2024
Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy. Electronic address:
Sulfoxide synthase OvoA is the key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of ovothiols (OSHs), secondary metabolites endowed with unique antioxidant properties. Understanding the evolution of such enzymes and the diversity of their metabolites should reveal fundamental mechanisms governing redox signaling and environmental adaptation. "Early-branching" animals such as Cnidaria display unique molecular diversity and symbiotic relationships responsible for the biosynthesis of natural products, however, they have been neglected in previous research on antioxidants and OSHs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtist
December 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, 77QG+F7Q, IISER Bhopal Rd, Bhopal, India. Electronic address:
The mitochondrial genomes of dinoflagellate protists are remarkable for their highly fragmented and heterogeneous organization. Early attempts to determine their structure without 'next-generation' DNA sequencing failed to recover a defined genome. Still, it coincided in showing that the proteins coding genes, three in total, and parts of the ribosomal RNA genes were spread across a diffuse assortment of small linear fragments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Biol
November 2024
Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
Climate change destabilizes the symbiosis between corals and Symbiodiniaceae. The effects of ocean acidification and warming on critical aspects of coral survical such as symbiotic interactions (i.e.
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