AI Article Synopsis

  • Radiation exposure leads to damage in kidney capillary endothelial cells, triggering inflammation and blood clot-related events.
  • Accumulation of leukocytes around the glomeruli is observed, with fractalkine identified as a key factor for their adhesion, acting independently of typical adhesion mechanisms.
  • The study finds increased fractalkine levels in irradiated mouse kidneys, particularly in the glomeruli, suggesting its role in promoting inflammation and leukocyte movement in response to radiation damage.

Article Abstract

Radiation-induced impairment of renal function is preceded by capillary endothelial cell damage, which initiates a cascade of inflammatory and thrombotic events. Accumulation of leukocytes in the irradiated kidney, especially in areas surrounding the glomeruli, has been clearly demonstrated. The chemokine fractalkine has recently been identified as a key mediator of leukocyte adhesion that functions without the requirement of integrins or selectin-mediated rolling. In this study we investigate the possible involvement of fractalkine in the inflammatory response of the irradiated kidney. Mouse kidneys were irradiated with single doses of 16 or 0 Gy, and protein and mRNA levels of fractalkine and PECAM-1 were examined after 10 to 40 weeks. These changes were correlated with the progressive increase and distribution of leukocytes in the irradiated kidneys. Increased fractalkine immunoreactivity was seen at glomerular sites 30 to 40 weeks after irradiation. This fractalkine expression was strongly associated with the presence of leukocytes surrounding the Bowman's capsule of the same glomeruli. No significant changes in mRNA levels of fractalkine were seen in whole kidney extracts after irradiation, but expression levels were not determined for isolated glomeruli. PECAM-1 protein levels did not change with time after irradiation, although a significant decrease in mRNA expression was seen at 10 weeks. This study is the first demonstration of increased fractalkine after irradiation and the results suggest that fractalkine may be an important mechanism of leukocyte trafficking in the development of a radiation induced inflammatory response.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841860701218618DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

fractalkine
9
mouse kidneys
8
leukocytes irradiated
8
irradiated kidney
8
inflammatory response
8
mrna levels
8
levels fractalkine
8
increased fractalkine
8
irradiation fractalkine
8
irradiated
5

Similar Publications

Background: Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by HBV. Infected individuals who fail to control the viral infection develop chronic hepatitis B and are at risk of developing life-threatening liver diseases, such as cirrhosis or liver cancer. Dendritic cells (DCs) play important roles in the immune response against HBV but are functionally impaired in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Distinct Ocular Surface Microbiome in Keratoconus Patients Correlate With Local Immune Dysregulation.

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

January 2025

GROW Research Laboratory, Narayana Netralaya Foundation, Bangalore, India.

Purpose: Keratoconus (KC) is characterized by irregular astigmatism along with corneal stromal weakness and is associated with altered immune status. Tissue resident microbiomes are known to influence the immune status in other organs, but such a nexus has not been described in ocular conditions. Therefore, we examined the ocular surface microbiome of patients with KC and correlated it to the immune cell and tear molecular factor profiles.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The chemokine CX3CL1 promotes intraperitoneal tumour growth despite enhanced T-cell recruitment in ovarian cancer.

Neoplasia

January 2025

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address:

T-cell recruiting chemokines are required for a successful immune intervention in ovarian cancer, and also for the efficacy of modern anticancer agents such as PARP inhibitors. The chemokine CX3CL1 recruits tumour-suppressive T-cells into solid tumours, but also mediates cell-cell adhesions, e.g.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Evidence of Inflammatory Network Disruption in Chronic Venous Disease: An Analysis of Circulating Cytokines and Chemokines.

Biomedicines

January 2025

Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities (CIBEREHD), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain.

Chronic venous disease (CVD) comprises a set of vascular disorders that affect the venous system with important local and systemic repercussions. A growing body of evidence displays the relationship between suffering from CVD and a marked deregulation of the immune inflammatory system. In this sense, the previous literature has reported some significant changes in the level of various circulating inflammatory parameters in these patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The protease, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif member 13 (ADAMTS13), known to cleave only the von Willebrand factor (VWF), has powerful regulatory effects on microvascular platelet adhesion, thrombosis, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. We study the protection against diabetes-induced retinal injury in experimental rats by supplementation with recombinant ADAMTS13. We compare human epiretinal membranes and vitreous samples from nondiabetic subjects and patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and extend in vitro analyses with the use of various immunodetection and spectrofluorimetric methods on rat retina and human retinal glial and endothelial cell cultures.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!