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Transcriptomic profiling of "brain-eating amoeba" infection in mice: the host and the protozoa perspectives.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
December 2024
Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
The free-living amoeba (NF) causes a rare but lethal parasitic meningoencephalitis (PAM) in humans. Currently, this disease lacks effective treatments and the specific molecular mechanisms that govern NF pathogenesis and host brain response remain unknown. To address some of these issues, we sought to explore naturally existing virulence diversity within environmental NF isolates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPHARMACOKINETICS OF METRONIDAZOLE IN GREEN (), LOGGERHEAD (), AND KEMP'S RIDLEY () SEA TURTLES AFTER SINGLE ORAL AND INTRAVENOUS DOSES.
J Zoo Wildl Med
December 2024
Florida Atlantic University, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Fort Pierce, FL 34936, USA.
Currently there are few antibacterial dosage regimens established to be safe and effective for sea turtles. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of antibiotics is an essential step in establishing accurate dosage guidelines for a particular species. Metronidazole is an antibiotic that is effective against anaerobic bacteria and some protozoa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Synthetic View on Acanthamoeba Keratitis Host Immune Response: Potential Factors Influencing the Development of Chronic Inflammation.
Cornea
January 2025
Laboratório de Imunoquímica, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil; and.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compile the current knowledge concerning Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) host immune response to better understand the elements involved in the chronification of inflammation and worse disease outcomes.
Methods: A scoping review of the literature on AK host immune response was written after a systematic literature search was performed on the PubMed, Latin American Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases. Recovered articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the selected studies were analyzed to compile the review.
Amoebicidal and cysticidal in vitro activity of cationic dendritic molecules against Acanthamoeba polyphaga and Acanthamoeba griffini.
Parasitol Res
November 2024
University of Alcala, Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 28805, Madrid, Spain.
Acanthamoeba species are responsible for serious human infections, including Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE). These pathogens have a simple life cycle consisting of an infective trophozoite stage and a resistant cyst stage, with cysts posing significant treatment challenges due to their resilience against harsh conditions and chemical agents. Current treatments for AK often involve combining diamines, such as propamidine, and biguanides, such as chlorhexidine (CLX), which exhibit limited efficacy and significant toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiloxanide in amoebiasis management: Unravelling the mechanism of action and effectiveness.
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Borneo Lestari, Banjarbaru, Indonesia.
Article Synopsis
- Diloxanide is an effective treatment for asymptomatic amoebiasis, but its exact mechanism of action is not well understood despite its structural similarities to chloramphenicol.
- It operates by inhibiting protein synthesis in the E. histolytica parasite, preventing the formation of more virulent cysts, and achieving a parasite clearance rate of 81-96%.
- The study calls for further research into diloxanide's structure-activity relationship and suggests exploring new drug formulations and improved diagnostic methods to enhance treatment efficacy and reduce the risk of relapse.
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