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S Afr J Surg
December 2024
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, China.
Tailgut cyst is an exceedingly rare congenital anomaly originating from embryonic remnants of the tailgut. Owing to its asymptomatic nature in the early stages, it is prone to clinical misdiagnosis. We present a case of a 55-year-old female with initial symptoms manifesting as sacrococcygeal pain.
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December 2024
Internal Medicine, Hospital de Braga, Braga, PRT.
Aortic dissection is a life-threatening vascular emergency associated with high morbidity and mortality. Clinical manifestations might include severe chest pain to neurological deficits, depending on the arterial segments involved. Extensive dissections involving multiple aortic segments and branch vessel occlusions, such as the carotid arteries, are rare and pose unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
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December 2024
Emergency, Hospital de Braga, Braga, PRT.
Pericardial effusion refers to the accumulation of fluid within the pericardial sac, the double-layered membrane surrounding the heart. It can be caused by various medical conditions and may lead to serious complications if not diagnosed and managed promptly. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has emerged as a valuable tool in the clinical evaluation of pericardial effusions, offering real-time visualization and aiding in the assessment of its size, characteristics, and potential hemodynamic impact.
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December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, IND.
An uncommon and recently identified Müllerian anomaly is the accessory cavitated uterine mass (ACUM). It is distinguished by the presence of a noncommunicating auxiliary cavity inside the uterus, located near and surrounded by uterine smooth muscle, and bordered by functioning endometrium beneath the round ligament's insertion, with a perfectly healthy uterus, ovaries, tubes, and cavity. Given that it is a congenital ailment with a persistent Müllerian duct at the level of the round ligament, primarily resulting from gubernaculum dysfunction, it usually manifests clinically as childhood dysmenorrhea in girls.
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December 2024
Pulmonology and Critical Care, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, USA.
Malignant hyperthermia is a pharmacogenetic disorder that manifests clinically as a hypermetabolic crisis when a patient with a mutation in the ryanodine or dihydropyridine receptor genes is exposed to neuromuscular blocking agents. Depolarizing neuromuscular agents are known to cause malignant hyperthermia, but cases caused by nondepolarizing agents are rarely reported. We present a case consistent with malignant hyperthermia after receipt of cisatracurium, a nondepolarizing anesthetic agent.
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