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Newborn morbidities and care procedures at the special newborn care units of Gandaki Province, Nepal: a retrospective study.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
December 2024
Center for International Health, LMU, Munich, Germany.
Background: Despite recent improvements in the overall health status of Nepal's population, newborn morbidities and mortalities have remained a challenge. This study explores the situation and care strategies for newborn health problems in the Gandaki Province of Nepal.
Methods: This is a retrospective hospital records analysis.
Brain fingerprint and subjective mood state across the menstrual cycle.
Front Neurosci
December 2024
Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
Background: Brain connectome fingerprinting represents a recent and valid approach in assessing individual identifiability on the basis of the subject-specific brain functional connectome. Although this methodology has been tested and validated in several neurological diseases, its performance, reliability and reproducibility in healthy individuals has been poorly investigated. In particular, the impact of the changes in brain connectivity, induced by the different phases of the menstrual cycle (MC), on the reliability of this approach remains unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom setbacks to success: lessons from the journey of RSV vaccine development.
Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother
December 2024
Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes high worldwide infant mortality, as well as a high disease burden in the elderly. Efforts in vaccine development over the past 60 years have recently delivered three approved vaccines and two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Looking back at the eventful history of RSV vaccine development, several factors can be identified that have hampered the developmental pathway, including the occurrence of enhanced RSV disease (ERD) in the first vaccine attempt and the difficulty in characterizing and stabilizing the pre-fusion F protein as a vaccine target.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproving early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding practice through PDSA framework: the experience at a private hospital in Tanzania.
BMJ Open Qual
December 2024
Paediatrics, Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, United Republic of.
Article Synopsis
- Optimal breastfeeding can save over 800,000 children's lives annually, with WHO guidelines recommending initiation within the first hour, exclusive breastfeeding for six months, and continued breastfeeding up to two years.
- In Tanzania, the study aimed to raise early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding rates to 80% through a quality improvement project using the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) framework, implementing policies, staff training, and antenatal education.
- Results showed significant improvements in early breastfeeding initiation (from 22% to 84%) and exclusive breastfeeding rates (from 45% to 90%) after three PDSA cycles, demonstrating the effectiveness of a comprehensive approach involving policies and support.
Newborn screening initiatives for sickle cell disease in Africa.
Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program
December 2024
Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder in high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) that leads to high morbidity and early mortality. Newborn screening (NBS) with evidence-based interventions saves lives of individuals with SCD. SSA accounts for 75% of the global prevalence of SCD, but it has not been able to implement universal NBS for SCD.
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