The hypothesis was tested whether the amygdalar N150 of rats, a slow, negative component in the event-related potential from the lateral amygdala, is sensitive to a state of anxious anticipation. A conditioning procedure was applied in which a series of six auditory stimuli was followed by a shock when presented alone, but not when the auditory stimuli were preceded by a visual stimulus. Heart rate recordings confirmed that the auditory stimulus train induced a state of increasing anticipatory fear and that this condition was modulated by the visual stimulus. During behavioral training, a N150 appeared in the amygdalar event-related potential evoked by the auditory stimuli, replicating previous findings. However, the amplitude of the N150 was not affected by whether or not the visual stimulus had been presented before. These results failed to support the idea that the N150 is related to the expectancy of an aversive event. An alternative interpretation, emphasizing the increase in arousal and attention that is inherent to aversive learning, is discussed.
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