AI Article Synopsis
- The type B botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) causes paralysis and potentially death by affecting peripheral nerves after being ingested.
- Researchers studied the haemagglutinin (HA), a harmless part of the BoNT complex, and found that it disrupts intestinal barrier function by loosening tight junctions between cells.
- This disruption allows the absorption of BoNT and other substances into the bloodstream, highlighting the complex's ability to bypass the intestinal barrier and affect the nervous system.
Article Abstract
The type B botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) elicits flaccid paralysis and death in humans by intoxicating peripheral nerves after oral absorption. Here, we examine the function of the haemagglutinin (HA), a non-toxic component of the large 16S BoNT complex. We find that the HA acts in the intestine to disrupt epithelial barrier function by opening intercellular tight and adherens junctions. This allows transport of BoNT and other large solutes into the systemic circulation and explains how the type B BoNT complexes are efficiently absorbed. In vitro, HA appears to act on the epithelial cell via the basolateral membrane only, suggesting the possibility of another step in the absorptive process. These studies show that the 16S BoNT complex is a multifunctional protein assembly equipped with the machinery to efficiently breach the intestinal barrier and act systemically on peripheral nerves.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01048.x | DOI Listing |
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