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Saltational Episodes of Reticulate Evolution in the Drosophila saltans Species Group.
Mol Biol Evol
December 2024
Department of Biology, UNESP-São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Phylogenomics reveals reticulate evolution to be widespread across taxa, but whether reticulation is due to low statistical power or it is a true evolutionary pattern remains a field of study. Here, we investigate the phylogeny and quantify reticulation in the Drosophila saltans species group, a Neotropical clade of the subgenus Sophophora comprising 23 species whose relationships have long been problematic. Phylogenetic analyses revealed conflicting topologies between the X chromosome, autosomes and the mitochondria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn explanation for the prevalence of XY over ZW sex determination in species derived from hermaphroditism.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
October 2024
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
The many independent transitions from hermaphroditism to separate sexes (dioecy) in flowering plants and some animal clades must often have involved the emergence of a heterogametic sex-determining locus, the basis of XY and ZW sex determination (i.e., male and female heterogamety).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional constraints on the number and shape of flight feathers.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2024
Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605.
As a fundamental ecological aspect of most organisms, locomotor function significantly constrains morphology. At the same time, the evolution of novel locomotor abilities has produced dramatic morphological transformations, initiating some of the most significant diversifications in life history. Despite significant new fossil evidence, it remains unclear whether volant locomotion had a single or multiple origins in pennaraptoran dinosaurs and the volant abilities of individual taxa are controversial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalformed trilobites from the Cambrian, Ordovician, and Silurian of Australia.
PeerJ
December 2023
Palaeoscience Research Centre, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
Biomineralised remains of trilobites provide important insight into the evolutionary history of a diverse, extinct group of arthropods. Their exoskeletons are also ideal for recording malformations, including evidence of post-injury repair. Re-examination of historic collections and the study of new specimens is important for enhancing knowledge on trilobite malformations across this diverse clade.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAll about being old and shooting hairs: clade age and urticating hair explain the patterns of diversification in tarantulas.
Evolution
January 2024
Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
The extreme asymmetry of species richness distribution across the tree of life has always intrigued evolutionary biologists. Two competing explanations have been proposed to explain this pattern-the clade age hypothesis and diversification rate variation. While these two scenarios may not be mutually exclusive, to what extent time and diversification rates interact to explain species richness patterns remains understudied.
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