AI Article Synopsis

  • This study investigates the link between platelet decline and the onset of HIV-associated dementia (HIV-D), aiming to identify potential biomarkers for early diagnosis.
  • A total of 396 advanced HIV patients were followed, with 40 developing HIV-D over an average of 31 months; platelet decline was found to significantly predict dementia risk, especially in the first two years.
  • The results indicate that monitoring platelet counts could help assess dementia risk among HIV patients, providing insights into the disease's progression and underlying mechanisms.

Article Abstract

Background: The identification of biomarkers identifying onset of human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia (HIV-D) is critical for diagnosis and the elucidation of pathophysiologic pathways.

Objective: To examine the association between platelet decline from baseline and HIV-D.

Design: Prospective cohort study within the North-East AIDS Dementia cohort.

Setting: Four participating referral centers in the United States.

Participants: A total of 396 subjects with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection recruited between 1998 and 2003 and undergoing serial neurologic assessments. Eligibility criteria required CD4 cell counts less than 200/microL or less than 300/microL with evidence of cognitive impairment. A cohort subset without prevalent HIV-D at baseline and without incident HIV-D at the visit immediately after baseline was analyzed (n = 146). Main Outcome Measure Time to first diagnosis of HIV-D.

Results: After a median follow-up of 31.1 months, 40 subjects developed HIV-D. Platelet decline from baseline was associated with the development of HIV-D when examined as a time-dependent variable lagged by 6 to 12 months before outcome (multivariate hazard ratio [HR], 2.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-5.02; P = .02). This association was stronger during the first 2 years of follow-up (multivariate HR, 6.76; 95% CI, 2.36-19.41; P < .001) than during later years (multivariate HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.33-2.67; P = .90).

Conclusions: These results suggest that individuals with declining platelet counts are at greater risk for HIV-D and that the dynamics of circulating platelets vary with respect to the temporal progression of HIV-D. This highlights an avenue to be explored in the understanding of HIV-D pathogenesis.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneur.64.9.1264DOI Listing

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