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Japanese encephalitis virus infection induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis through the proapoptotic protein BAX.
Front Microbiol
October 2024
Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Article Synopsis
- The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a major cause of viral encephalitis in Asia and triggers cell apoptosis through mechanisms that are not fully understood.
- In this study, researchers used CRISPR/Cas9 to knockout the BAX gene in PK-15 cells, which decreased JEV proliferation by nearly 40%, while overexpressing BAX had the opposite effect.
- JEV infection led to significant upregulation of various pro-apoptotic factors and mitochondrial damage, accelerating apoptosis, but knocking out BAX mitigated these effects, providing insights into JEV's pathogenic mechanisms.
A global assessment of large terrestrial carnivore kill rates.
Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc
February 2025
Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Melbourne, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
Through killing and instilling fear in their prey, large terrestrial carnivores shape the structure and function of ecosystems globally. Most large carnivore species have experienced severe range and population declines due to human activities, and many are now threatened with extinction. Consequently, the impacts of these predators on food webs have been diminished or lost completely from many ecosystems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTalazoparib plus enzalutamide in men with first-line metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (TALAPRO-2): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
Lancet
July 2023
Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France. Electronic address:
Background: Co-inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and androgen receptor activity might result in antitumour efficacy irrespective of alterations in DNA damage repair genes involved in homologous recombination repair (HRR). We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of talazoparib (a PARP inhibitor) plus enzalutamide (an androgen receptor blocker) versus enzalutamide alone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Methods: TALAPRO-2 is a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial of talazoparib plus enzalutamide versus placebo plus enzalutamide as first-line therapy in men (age ≥18 years [≥20 years in Japan]) with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic mCRPC receiving ongoing androgen deprivation therapy.
A transcriptomics approach to expand therapeutic options and optimize clinical trials in oncology.
Ther Adv Med Oncol
March 2023
Worldwide Innovative Network (WIN) Association-WIN Consortium, Villejuif, France.
Background: The current model of clinical drug development in oncology displays major limitations due to a high attrition rate in patient enrollment in early phase trials and a high failure rate of drugs in phase III studies.
Objective: Integrating transcriptomics for selection of patients has the potential to achieve enhanced speed and efficacy of precision oncology trials for any targeted therapies or immunotherapies.
Methods: Relative gene expression level in the metastasis and normal organ-matched tissues from the WINTHER database was used to estimate the potential clinical benefit of specific treatments in a variety of metastatic solid tumors.
Background: On May 28, 2021, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to sotorasib for second-line or later treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This was the first FDA-approved targeted therapy for this patient population. Due to a paucity of real world data describing clinical outcomes in patients with locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C mutated NSCLC in the second-line or later, we sought to compile a large, academic medical center-based historical dataset to clarify clinical outcomes in this patient population.
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