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Introduction: The impact of e-cigarette flavoring on e-cigarette uptake and switching to e-cigarettes among adults who smoke is critical to e-cigarette regulation in the United Sates. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to assess the impact of e-cigarette flavoring choice on e-cigarette uptake and changes in cigarette smoking in a large nationwide trial of e-cigarette provision in the United States.
Methods: A free four-week supply of e-cigarettes was provided with minimal instructions to use to adults who smoke (N = 427).
Evaluating shoot-tip regrowth of 25 Rubus L. species and hybrids after 15 to 20 years of cryopreserved storage.
Cryobiology
November 2024
USDA-ARS, National Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA, emeritus.
Rubus L. species are pan-global in their distribution and used as food throughout the world. Their fruits, collectively called brambles, come in a variety of colors from black, through various shades of red and yellow to white.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFirst Report of Causing Root Rot of Raspberry () in China.
Plant Dis
August 2024
Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Ecology and Agriculture, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Article Synopsis
- Raspberry plants (Rubus corchorifolius) are economically and medicinally significant in China, but farmers in Gansu Province face issues with root rot disease affecting about 30% of crops.
- A thorough field survey conducted in June 2022 led to the collection of both diseased and healthy plants for pathogen identification, resulting in the isolation of 22 distinct Fusarium strains.
- One specific strain, RB10, was linked to observed symptoms and showed distinct morphological traits of Fusarium avenaceum, confirmed through genetic sequencing techniques.
Resource pulses are ecologically important phenomenon that occur in most ecosystems globally. Following optimal foraging theory, many consumers switch to pulsatile foods when available, examples of which include fruit mast and vulnerable young prey. Yet how the availability of resource pulses shapes the ecology of predators is still an emerging area of research; and how much individual variation there is in response to pulses is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRace and Ethnicity, Deprivation, and Infant Mortality in England, 2019-2022.
JAMA Netw Open
February 2024
National Child Mortality Database, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, St Michael's Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- England has a high infant mortality rate, heavily influenced by socioeconomic factors, but the relationship between race, ethnicity, and mortality remains unclear.
- The study analyzed infants who died before 1 year old from April 2019 to March 2022, using data from death notifications and the National Health Service to categorize racial and ethnic backgrounds.
- Findings included a total of 5,621 infant deaths, with analyses revealing risks of mortality for different racial and ethnic groups, adjusting for factors like deprivation and gestational age.
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