An antistaphylococcal and an antitetanic immunosorbents on a silica carrier were tested in diffuse staphylococcal pyocyanic peritonitis to protect receptor expression on the general T and B lymphocyte populations and of Fc-receptors to IgM, IgG and IgA. Plasma of animals with peritonitis was shown to exert a powerful suppressive effect on lymphocyte receptors. Perfusion of toxic plasma over the antistaphylococcal immunosorbents resulted in specific adsorption of microbial toxins and completely prevented Fc gamma-, Fc mu- and Fc alpha-receptor expression on cells. Plasma treated with the antitetanic immunosorbent retained suppressive effects. The low protection of receptors may be explained by nonspecific adsorption of texins.
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Int J Med Microbiol
September 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. box 30001, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands. Electronic address:
The bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus employs a thick cell wall for protection against physical and chemical insults. This wall requires continuous maintenance to ensure strength and barrier integrity, but also to permit bacterial growth and division. The main cell wall component is peptidoglycan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
September 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Unlabelled: Chronic polymicrobial infections involving and are prevalent, difficult to eradicate, and associated with poor health outcomes. Therefore, understanding interactions between these pathogens is important to inform improved treatment development. We previously demonstrated that is attracted to using type IV pili (TFP)-mediated chemotaxis, but the impact of attraction on growth and physiology remained unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Orthop Res
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
The incidence of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) following elective primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is very low but serious risk remains. To identify unknown risk factors, we completed a natural history study of IgG specific for Staphylococcus aureus antigens previously phenotyped as protective (anti-Atl) and pathogenic (anti-Isd). Twenty-five male and 25 female optimized patients 50-85 years of age and BMI 24-39 undergoing primary TKA were prospectively enrolled.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotics (Basel)
April 2024
Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Vaccination arguably remains the only long-term strategy to limit the spread of infections and its related antibiotic resistance. To date, however, all staphylococcal vaccines tested in clinical trials have failed. In this review, we propose that the failure of vaccines is intricately linked to prior host exposure to and the pathogen's capacity to evade adaptive immune defenses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
March 2024
Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the anti-staphylococcal activity of liposomal daptomycin against four biofilm-producing and clinical strains, three of which are methicillin-resistant. Neutral and negatively charged daptomycin-loaded liposomes were prepared using three methods, namely, thin-film hydration (TFH), a dehydration-rehydration vesicle (DRV) method, and microfluidic mixing (MM); moreover, they were characterized for drug encapsulation (EE%), size distribution, zeta-potential, vesicle stability, drug release, and drug integrity. Interestingly, whilst drug loading in THF and DRV nanosized (by extrusion) vesicles was around 30-35, very low loading (~4%) was possible in MM vesicles, requiring further explanatory investigations.
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