The etiology of recurrent stroke is probably multifactorial and many recurrences remain unexplained by conventional risk factors. The purpose of this study is to investigate if common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), an established vascular risk factor, can predict recurrence in first-ever stroke survivors. Two hundred and eighty-four consecutive patients with a first-ever ischemic stroke were investigated with carotid ultrasonography and were screened for the first recurrent stroke up to 12 months. Sixteen (5.6%, 95% CI: 3.5-9.0%) recurrent ischemic strokes were recorded. Among demographic data, conventional vascular risk factors, presenting stroke features and ultrasonographic measurements, CCA-IMT was the only parameter that differed significantly between those who suffered a recurrent stroke and those who did not. Cox's regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors, showed that CCA-IMT was the only independent predictor of stroke recurrence (HR 1.65; 95% CI: 1.11-2.46%). We propose that CCA-IMT measurements may help to identify stroke patients at higher risk for recurrence and to plan secondary prevention strategies.
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