There has been a long history of unexplained anomalous absorption of solar radiation by clouds. Collocated satellite and surface measurements of solar radiation at five geographically diverse locations showed significant solar absorption by clouds, resulting in about 25 watts per square meter more global-mean absorption by the cloudy atmosphere than predicted by theoretical models. It has often been suggested that tropospheric aerosols could increase cloud absorption. But these aerosols are temporally and spatially heterogeneous, whereas the observed cloud absorption is remarkably invariant with respect to season and location. Although its physical cause is unknown, enhanced cloud absorption substantially alters our understanding of the atmosphere's energy budget.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.267.5197.496 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Large-area radiation-modulated thermoelectric fabrics for high-performance thermal management and electricity generation.
Sci Adv
January 2025
National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
Flexible thermoelectric systems capable of converting human body heat or solar heat into sustainable electricity are crucial for the development of self-powered wearable electronics. However, challenges persist in maintaining a stable temperature gradient and enabling scalable fabrication for their commercialization. Herein, we present a facile approach involving the screen printing of large-scale carbon nanotube (CNT)-based thermoelectric arrays on conventional textile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch on the mechanism by which digital transformation peer effects influence innovation performance in emerging industries: A case study of China's photovoltaic industry.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Economics and Management, North University of China, Taiyuan, China.
The exploration of digital transformation peer effects on the innovation performance of emerging industries is crucial for analyzing the underlying mechanisms of digital transformation, optimizing resource allocation among peer enterprises, and enhancing industrial competitiveness. This study empirically examines the influence of digital transformation peer effects on the innovation performance of the photovoltaic industry, using data from 150 photovoltaic companies listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen between 2011 and 2022. The study found that: (1) The digital transformation of the photovoltaic industry is influenced by regional and industry-specific peer effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSource Material Design for Realizing >50% Indium-Saving Transparent Electrode toward Sustainable Development of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
School of Materials, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, P.R. China.
Indium (In) reduction is a hot topic in transparent conductive oxide (TCO) research. So far, most strategies have been focused on reducing the layer thickness of In-based TCO films and exploring TCOs. However, no promising industrial solution has been obtained yet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConstruction of ternary heterojunction photocatalyst CuCl(OH)/In/InO for boosted photocatalytic CO reduction performance.
Dalton Trans
January 2025
College of Life Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Jiangxi Education Institutes, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
The photocatalytic conversion of CO and HO into useful chemicals or fuels over semiconductor photocatalysts is regarded as a promising technology to address the problems of global warming and energy exhaustion. However, inefficient photo-absorption and slow charge dynamics limit the CO photoreduction efficiency. Here, a ternary heterojunction photocatalyst, CuCl(OH)/In/InO (Cu H IO), with an intimate interface is obtained a hydrogen chemical reduction approach followed by hydrolysis reaction, where In species can be produced on the surface of InO from the hydrogen chemical reaction with a calcining temperature of over 500 °C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatially Isomeric Fulleropyrrolidines Enable Controlled Stacking of Perovskite Colloids for High-Performance Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Huaqiao University College of Materials Science and Engineering, No.668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, Xiamen, CHINA.
The advancement of tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) has been severely hindered by the poor controllability of perovskite crystal growth and the energy level mismatch between the perovskite and fullerene-based electron transport layer (ETL). Here, we synthesized three cis-configured pyridyl-substituted fulleropyrrolidines (PPF), specifically 2-pyridyl (PPF2), 3-pyridyl (PPF3), and 4-pyridyl (PPF4), and utilized them as precursor additives to regulate the crystallization kinetics during film formation. The spatial distance between the two pyridine groups in PPF2, PPF3, and PPF4 increases sequentially, enabling PPF4 to interact with more perovskite colloidal particles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!