The Pioneer Venus orbiter gamma burst detector is an astrophysics experiment for monitoring cosmic gamma-ray bursts. It is included in this planetary mission to provide a long baseline for accurately locating the sources ofthese bursts in order to identify them with specific astronomical objects. Responses to 14 gammaray burst events were examined; these events were verified from data acquired by other systems. Preliminary locations are proposed for three events, based on data from the Pioneer Venus orbiter, ISEE C, and Vela spacecraft. These locations will be improved, and additional locations will be determined by including in the analyses data from Helios B and the Russian Venera 11, Venera 12, and Prognoz 7 spacecraft.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.205.4401.119 | DOI Listing |
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Cell-type specific, inducible and acute degradation of targeted protein in mice by two degron systems.
Nat Commun
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Laboratory for Transcriptional Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
Despite its broad application in in vitro studies, the application of targeted protein degradation (TPD) to animal models faces considerable challenges. Here, we develop inducible and cell-type specific TPD systems in mice using two degron systems: Oryza sativa TIR1 (OsTIR1)-auxin-inducible degron 2 (AID2) and human cereblon (hCRBN)-SALL4 degron (S4D). Efficient degradation of Satb1 protein by these systems recapitulates phenotypes observed in the Satb1-deficient mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeriving new mixing ratios for Venus atmospheric gases using data from the Pioneer Venus Large Probe Neutral Mass Spectrometer.
MethodsX
December 2023
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY, USA.
We present the first published method to convert data obtained by the Pioneer Venus Large Probe Neutral Mass Spectrometer (LNMS) into units of mixing ratio (ppm) and volume percent (v%) against CO and N, the dominant Venus atmospheric gases, including conversion to density (kg m). These unit conversions are key to unlocking the untapped potential of the data, which represents a significant challenge given the scant calibration data in the literature. Herein, we show that our data treatments and conversions yield mixing ratios and volume percent values for HO, N, and SO that are within error to those reported for the gas chromatograph (LGC) on the Pioneer Venus Large Probe (PVLP).
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2021
Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
The atmosphere of Venus remains mysterious, with many outstanding chemical connundra. These include the unexpected presence of ∼10 ppm O in the cloud layers, an unknown composition of large particles in the lower cloud layers, and hard to explain measured vertical abundance profiles of SO and HO. We propose a hypothesis for the chemistry in the clouds that largely addresses all of the above anomalies.
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Lancet Respir Med
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Institute of Global Health Innovation, The Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK. Electronic address:
We present a re-examination of mass spectral data obtained from the Pioneer Venus Large Probe Neutral Mass Spectrometer. Our interpretations of differing trace chemical species are suggestive of redox disequilibria in Venus' middle clouds. Assignments to the data (at 51.
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