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Radiation-Driven Destruction of Thiophene and Methyl-Substituted Thiophenes.
Astrobiology
November 2024
Astrochemistry Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA.
Thiophene and two derivatives (2-methylthiophene and 3-methylthiophene) have been detected on the surface of Mars with the Sample Analysis at Mars instrument suite onboard NASA's Curiosity rover. Thiophene could serve as a secondary chemical biosignature since the secondary biosynthesis of thiophene is considered an important production pathway. However, it is critical to understand the abiotic formation and destruction of thiophene and its derivatives since these pathways could affect the molecules' stabilities on planetary surfaces over geological timescales.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe human microbiome in space: parallels between Earth-based dysbiosis, implications for long-duration spaceflight, and possible mitigation strategies.
Clin Microbiol Rev
September 2024
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
SUMMARYThe human microbiota encompasses the diverse communities of microorganisms that reside in, on, and around various parts of the human body, such as the skin, nasal passages, and gastrointestinal tract. Although research is ongoing, it is well established that the microbiota exert a substantial influence on the body through the production and modification of metabolites and small molecules. Disruptions in the composition of the microbiota-dysbiosis-have also been linked to various negative health outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFungal diversity differences in the indoor dust microbiome from built environments on earth and in space.
Sci Rep
May 2024
Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Environmental Health Sciences, The Ohio State University, 470 Hitchcock Hall, 2050 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Human occupied built environments are no longer confined to Earth. In fact, there have been humans living and working in low-Earth orbit on the International Space Station (ISS) since November 2000. With NASA's Artemis missions and the age of commercial space stations set to begin, more human-occupied spacecraft than ever will be in Earth's orbit and beyond.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring NASA's Apollo missions, inhalation of dust particles from lunar regolith was identified as a potential occupational hazard for astronauts. These fine particles adhered tightly to spacesuits and were unavoidably brought into the living areas of the spacecraft. Apollo astronauts reported that exposure to the dust caused intense respiratory and ocular irritation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn enormous amount of power is required in a rising nation like Bangladesh, where achieving economic growth without endangering the environment is a burning issue. The majority of people who live in coastal areas of Bangladesh do not have sufficient access to electricity. There are almost 40 million people living along Bangladesh's 724-km shoreline.
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