Recent liquid scintillation (LS) measurements at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and at the Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNHB) on a standardized (63)Ni solution that has been tracked for nearly 40 years have resulted in several important findings: (i) a (63)Ni half-life value of 101.2 +/- 1.5 a has been determined with the present decay data. This value is consistent with a previous specific activity determination and with an earlier value from decay measurements; and it appears to be more satisfactory than a recent data evaluator's recommended value of 98.7 a. (ii) All solution standards of (63)Ni as disseminated by NIST for the past 38(+) years are internally consistent with past and recent standardizations. (iii) Primary LS standardizations of (63)Ni by the triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) method and by CIEMAT/NIST (3)H-standard efficiency tracing (CNET) appear to be comparable, although the latter methodology is believed to be inherently inferior. (iv) There is excellent measurement agreement between NIST and LNHB for (63)Ni primary standardizations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2007.07.017 | DOI Listing |
Chemosphere
August 2016
International Atomic Energy Agency - Environment Laboratories (IAEA-EL), 4a Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000, Monaco.
Development of nickel mining activities along the New Caledonia coasts threatens the biodiversity of coral reefs. Although the validation of tropical marine organisms as bioindicators of metal mining contamination has received much attention in the literature over the last decade, few studies have examined the potential of corals, the fundamental organisms of coral reefs, to monitor nickel (Ni) contamination in tropical marine ecosystems. In an effort to bridge this gap, the present work investigated the bioaccumulation of (63)Ni in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata and in its isolated zooxanthellae Symbiodinium, using radiotracer techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Radiat Isot
September 2012
Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Physics, Ionizing Radiation Metrology Laboratory, Savanorių Ave. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Beta-emitters (36)Cl and (63)Ni, and the electron capture radionuclide (55)Fe were used to calibrate a secondary standardization instrument Quantulus-1220(TM). An external standard technique was applied to assess the quenching level of samples. Nitromethane as an artificial quencher was used for sample preparation at different quenching levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuan Jing Ke Xue
December 2007
College of Resource and Environment, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian 271018, China.
To evaluate the difference of POPs atrazine degradation dynamics in soils under different fertilization conditions, we set up an analysis method of the atrazine residue in soils and studied residue dynamics of atrazine in soils under a long-term located fertilization conditions. After extracted by surging with acetone, liquid-liquid partition and eluted through florisil, the residue of atrazine in soils was detected by gas chromatogram with 63Ni-ECD. The minimum detectable quantity of atrazine is 6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Agric Food Chem
December 2007
CSIR Water Research Institute, Achimota, Ghana.
The dissipation and persistence of endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin 3-oxide) applied to field-grown tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) were studied at a vegetable-growing location in Ghana. Plant tissue samples and cropped soil collected at 2 h-14 days and 8 h-112 days, respectively, after application, were analyzed by gas chromatography-electron capture detection (63Ni) to determine the content and dissipation rate of endosulfan isomers (alpha- and beta-endosulfan) and the major metabolite, endosulfan sulfate. After two foliar applications of commercial endosulfan at 500 g of active ingredient/hectare, the first-order reaction kinetic was confirmed to describe the dissipation of endosulfan residues in tomato foliage and cropped soil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiat Environ Biophys
November 2007
Institute for Radiation Protection, GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, Germany.
Those inhabitants of Hiroshima and Nagasaki who were affected by the A-bomb explosions, were exposed to a mixed neutron and gamma radiation field. Few years later about 120,000 survivors of both cities were selected, and since then radiation-induced late effects such as leukemia and solid tumors are being investigated in this cohort. When the present study was initiated, the fast neutron fluences that caused the neutron doses of these survivors had never been determined experimentally.
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