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Like a Rolling Stone? A Review on Spontaneous Clearance of Hepatitis C Virus Infection.
Viruses
August 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-540 Białystok, Poland.
Elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) without the need for medical intervention, known as spontaneous clearance (SC), occurs at a significantly lower rate than in the case of hepatitis B virus infection and only in selected individuals, such as reportedly in Keith Richards, a guitarist of The Rolling Stones. The present paper provides an updated narrative review of the research devoted to the phenomenon in order to identify and discuss the demographic, lifestyle-related, clinical, viral genotype-related, and host genetic factors underpinning the SC occurrence. The body of evidence indicates that the likelihood of SC is decreased in older individuals, men, Black people, HIV-coinfected subjects, and intravenous drug and alcohol users.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElevated airborne radioactivity downwind of a Colorado oil refinery.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc
December 2024
Subra Company, New Iberia, Louisiana, USA.
Airborne radioactivity from fossil fuel production systems is poorly characterized, but a recent study showed elevated ambient levels with proximity to oil and gas production wells. Here, we report year-long, high temporal resolution monitoring results of airborne alpha radioactivity from both radon gas and radon progeny attached to particulates immediately northeast of an oil refinery in Commerce City, Colorado, USA, in an environmental justice community of concern. Gas and particle-associated radioactivity contributed nearly evenly to the total alpha radioactivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcross the world availability of flavour accessories for tobacco products.
Tob Control
April 2024
Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Objective: This study aimed to provide an inventory of different types of flavour accessories for combustible tobacco products in eight countries varying in their approaches to flavour legislation and cultural aspects, including tobacco use.
Methods: A standardised search protocol was developed and shared with local informants to acquire information on the availability and marketing of flavour accessories in web shops accessible from Brazil, India, Italy, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, the UK and the USA. Characteristics of the products and web shops were reported, and flavours were categorised in a flavour wheel.
Like a Rolling (Gall)Stone: Optimal Treatment of Gallstone Obstruction of the Sigmoid Colon.
Dig Dis Sci
May 2024
Unit of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, "Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale" of Ferrara, University of Ferrara, Via Valle Oppio, 2, 44023, Lagosanto, FE, Italy.
Background: Sigmoid gallstone ileus is a rare complication of cholelithiasis, accounting for 1-4% of all cases of large-bowel obstruction. This is a highly morbid, and often fatal, condition due to its challenging diagnosis and late presentation.
Case Presentation: We report a case of a 90-year-old woman admitted to Emergency Department with abdominal pain and large-bowel obstruction due to a 6 cm gallstone lodged in a diverticulum of the proximal sigmoid colon as a consequence of a cholecysto-colonic fistula.
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