The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway plays an important role in neuronal apoptosis both during normal CNS development and following stroke in adult animals. As with other MAP kinase pathways, scaffold proteins regulate JNK signaling. The scaffold protein POSH (Plenty of SH3s) enhances JNK activation and apoptosis. We identified a POSH homologue, POSH2, which was cloned from rat brain and is present in cortical neurons in vitro. POSH2 mRNA is expressed in a variety of tissues including brain, and this distribution partially overlaps with that of POSH. POSH2 overexpression promotes JNK activation in HEK293 cells and promotes apoptosis in neuronal PC12 cells, which is blocked by a dominant-negative c-Jun. Finally POSH2 contains a functional RING domain and enhances the stability of coexpressed mixed-lineage kinases. These results indicate that POSH2 may regulate JNK activation and consequent apoptosis under conditions of increased expression.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000105476 | DOI Listing |
Tissue Cell
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology, Fuyang Cancer Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui Province 236000, PR China. Electronic address:
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease, is characterized by long-term hyperglycemia resulting from the defect of insulin production and insulin resistance. The damage and dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells is a main link in DM development.
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Food Funct
January 2025
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrit Rev Food Sci Nutr
January 2025
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, Biotech & Biomed Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
Liver disease constitutes a significant cause of global mortality, with its pathogenesis being multifaceted. Identifying effective pharmacological and preventive strategies is imperative for liver protection. Ginsenosides, the major bioactive compounds found in ginseng, exhibit multiple pharmacological activities including protection against liver-related diseases by mitigating liver fat accumulation and inflammation, preventing hepatic fibrosis, and exerting anti-hepatocarcinogenic effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Commun Signal
January 2025
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) initiates a complex signaling cascade that is crucial for inducing osteoclast differentiation and activation. RANKL-induced signaling has been analyzed in detail, and the involvement of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK), NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), activator protein-1 (AP-1), and molecules that contain an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) has been reported. However, the precise molecular steps that regulate RANKL signaling remain largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChin Med
January 2025
Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Background: The treatment options to delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN), a key contributor to chronic kidney disease (CKD), are urgently needed. Previous studies reported that traditional Chinese medicine Panax notoginseng (PNG) exerted beneficial effects on DN. However, the renoprotective effects of Notoginsenoside R2 (NR2), an active component of PNG, on DN have not been investigated.
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