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Refractory hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis induced by undifferentiated connective tissue disease secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case report and literature review.
Front Oncol
November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.
In the past, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) like camrelizumab have been associated with rheumatic immune-related adverse events (irAEs).To prevent serious adverse consequences, early diagnosis of rheumatic irAEs is crucial. A 40-year-old patient with malignant melanoma experienced severe hypokalemia and fatigue after 6 months of camrelizumab therapy, which was unresponsive to potassium chloride supplementation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Unique Case of a Mildly Symptomatic Patient With Severe Hypokalemia Secondary to Furosemide.
J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep
November 2024
Kern Medical-UCLA, Bakersfield, CA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Hypokalemia is a common issue typically seen as mild with no symptoms, but moderate-to-severe cases can lead to serious health problems.
- - Severe hypokalemia (potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L or lower) can cause symptoms like muscle cramps, weakness, and severe complications, including renal and respiratory failure.
- - The text presents a case of a patient with extremely low potassium levels (1.4 mEq/L) due to furosemide use, who only reports muscle spasms despite the severity of their condition.
Common incidental urological lesions on computed tomography images: What to do with renal and adrenal computed tomography incidentalomas in a primary care setting.
Aust J Gen Pract
November 2024
MBBS, PhD, FRACS (Urol), Professor, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic; Founding Director, EJ Whitten Prostate Cancer Research Centre at Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, Vic;@Head of Unit, Department of Urology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic.
Article Synopsis
- The increased use of imaging techniques has led to more frequent detection of incidental findings in the kidneys and adrenal glands, often referred to as incidentalomas, which are commonly encountered by general practitioners.* -
- This review provides guidelines for managing these renal and adrenal masses, highlighting that renal lesions are seen in about 14% of CT scans and should be assessed using the Bosniak classification for cystic lesions.* -
- For renal cell carcinomas larger than 4 cm or showing symptoms, active treatment is recommended, while adrenal lesions require functional testing, with specific screening tests indicated based on clinical signs such as hypertension.*
Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis: A Rare Cause of Quadriparesis in a Young and Seemingly Healthy Patient.
Medicina (Kaunas)
October 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 105402 Bucharest, Romania.
Hypokalemia is a common laboratory finding in hospitalized patients, typically resulting from insufficient potassium intake, renal or gastrointestinal losses, or intracellular shifts. While the underlying cause is often easily identifiable, certain cases present diagnostic challenges, and if left unrecognized, the consequences can be life-threatening. We report a rare and atypical case of severe symptomatic hypokalemia as the initial presentation of newly diagnosed Graves' disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsulin in aluminum phosphide poisoning: A systematic review of the current literature.
Medicine (Baltimore)
October 2024
Nepal Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Background: Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is a commonly used fumigant in agriculture and grain preservation because of its high potency and low cost. Due to the absence of a specific antidote and promising treatment modality, poisoning with this substance is deadly. Amid multiple studies in different parts of the world, each exploring options like lavage, inotropes, antioxidants, etc, we conducted a systematic review to find the possible role of exogenous insulin in treating symptomatic cases of AlP poisoning.
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