An assertion that the primary photochemistry of photosynthesis can violate the Second Law of thermodynamics in certain efficient systems has been put forward by Jennings et al., who maintain their position strongly despite an argument to the contrary by Lavergne. We identify a specific omission in the calculation of Jennings et al. and show that no violation of the Second Law occurs, regardless of the photosynthetic efficiency.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2007.07.004 | DOI Listing |
BMC Public Health
January 2025
Division of General Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA.
Background: Modeling studies suggest that hundreds of thousands of U.S. children have lost caregivers since the COVID-19 pandemic began.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
January 2025
Centre for Health Services Studies, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
Background: Older adult care homes in England are required to develop care plans on behalf of each of their residents and to make these documents available to those who provide care. However, there is a lack of formal agreement around the key principles that should inform the development of care plans in care homes for older adults. Using a modified Delphi survey, we intend to generate consensus on a set of key principles that should inform the care planning process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
December 2024
Tel Aviv University, School of Mechanical Engineering and Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
Materials that are constantly driven out of thermodynamic equilibrium, such as active and living systems, typically violate the Einstein relation. This may arise from active contributions to particle fluctuations which are unrelated to the dissipative resistance of the surrounding medium. We show that in these cases the widely used relation between informatic entropy production and heat dissipation does not hold.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Patient Rep Outcomes
January 2025
EuroQol Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Background: Multiple diseases, such as Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS), present at adolescent age and the impact on quality of life (QoL) prolongs into adulthood. For the EQ-5D, a commonly used instrument to measure QoL, the current guideline is ambiguous whether the youth or adult version is to be preferred at adolescent age. To assess which is most suitable, this study tested for equivalence along predefined criteria of the youth (EQ-5D-5L) and adult (EQ-5D-Y-5L) version in an adolescent population receiving bracing therapy for AIS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLakartidningen
January 2025
docent, institutionen för klinisk neuro-vetenskap, Karolins-ka institutet.
There are four paths to a Swedish medical license. A shared agreement exists for those converting from a European license to recognize qualifications granted in the respective countries mutually. Swedish medical graduates and International Medical Graduates (IMGs) trained outside the EU/EES/Schweiz are assessed against the professional qualifications specified in the Higher Education Ordinance (1993:100).
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