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Rev-RRE activity modulates HIV-1 replication and latency reactivation: Implications for viral persistence and cure strategies.
bioRxiv
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
The HIV-1 Rev-RRE regulatory axis plays a crucial role in viral replication by facilitating the nucleo-cytoplasmic export and expression of viral mRNAs with retained introns. In this study, we investigated the impact of variation in Rev-RRE functional activity on HIV-1 replication kinetics and reactivation from latency. Using a novel HIV-1 clone with an interchangeable Rev cassette, we engineered viruses with different Rev functional activities and demonstrated that higher Rev-RRE activity confers greater viral replication capacity while maintaining a constant level of Nef expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVection is enhanced by visual oscillation based on four-stroke apparent motion.
Perception
January 2025
University of Wollongong, Australia.
Illusions of self-motion (vection) can be improved by adding global visual oscillation to patterns of optic flow. Here we examined whether adding apparent visual oscillation (based on four-stroke apparent motion-4SAM) also improves vection. This apparent vertical oscillation was added to self-motion displays simulating constant velocity leftward self-motion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMismatch Negativity Unveils Tone Perception Strategies and Degrees of Tone Merging: The Case of Macau Cantonese.
Brain Sci
December 2024
Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
Background/objectives: Previous studies have examined the role of working memory in cognitive tasks such as syntactic, semantic, and phonological processing, thereby contributing to our understanding of linguistic information management and retrieval. However, the real-time processing of phonological information-particularly in relation to suprasegmental features like tone, where its contour represents a time-varying signal-remains a relatively underexplored area within the framework of Information Processing Theory (IPT). This study aimed to address this gap by investigating the real-time processing of similar tonal information by native Cantonese speakers, thereby providing a deeper understanding of how IPT applies to auditory processing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Acupuncture on Cognitive Functions in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Chin J Integr Med
January 2025
Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100007, China.
Objective: To explore the effects of acupuncture in comparison with sham acupuncture on cognitive functions in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 31 RRMS patients in the acupuncture group were treated with traditional Chinese acupuncture based on the treatment principle of calming the mind, reinforcing qi and blood, and 31 patients in the control group were treated with sham acupuncture (shallow needling at non-acupuncture points) twice a week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) score, which was evaluated by a psychologist at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment.
Movi: A fast and cache-efficient full-text pangenome index.
iScience
December 2024
Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, US.
Pangenome indexes are promising tools for many applications, including classification of nanopore sequencing reads. Move structure is a compressed-index data structure based on the Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT). It offers simultaneous O(1)-time queries and O(r) space, where r is the number of BWT runs (consecutive sequence of identical characters).
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