Alternative splicing leads to multiple proteins from individual genes and the most common deviation from the norm is precise exon omission. Mutations that cause this can be found deep in introns, especially downstream of the cassette exon. This review summarises what is known about these intronic splicing enhancers and their RNA-binding proteins that cause spliceosome assembly on the upstream exon.
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Direct repeats found in the vicinity of intron splice sites.
Naturwissenschaften
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Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Four main classes of introns (group I, group II, spliceosomal, and archaeal) have been reported for all major types of RNA from nuclei and organelles of a wide range of taxa. When and how introns inserted within the genic regions of genomes, however, is often unclear. Introns were examined from Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.
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Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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