AI Article Synopsis
- The study explored how silver affects the early life stages of rainbow trout, focusing on their survival, development, and body chemistry when exposed to dissolved silver in water.
- Levels of silver that impacted the trout were found to be over 1.25 microg/L for survival and growth, with whole-body silver concentrations becoming a more sensitive indicator of toxicity than survival rates.
- The presence of sodium chloride complicated the results, suggesting it may alter silver's effects on trout, influenced by potential genetic differences among the fish used in the experiments.
Article Abstract
The chronic (early life stage) toxicity of silver to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was determined in flow-through exposures. Rainbow trout embryos were exposed to silver (as AgNO3) from 48 h or less postfertilization to 30 d postswimup in soft water in the presence and absence of 49 mg/L of NaCl (30 mg/L of Cl). The studies determined effect levels for rainbow trout exposed throughout an extended development period and assessed possible protective effects of sodium chloride. Lowest-observed-effect concentrations were greater than 1.25 microg/L of dissolved silver for survival, mean day to hatch, mean day to swimup, and whole-body sodium content in both studies. Whole-body silver concentrations increased significantly at 0.13 microg/L of dissolved silver in unmodified water and at 1.09 microg/L of dissolved silver in amended water. The maximum-acceptable toxicant concentration for growth was greater than 1.25 microg/L of dissolved silver in unmodified water and 0.32 microg/L of dissolved silver in amended water. Whole-body silver concentrations were more sensitive than survival and growth end points in unmodified water. Interpretation of sodium chloride effects on chronic silver toxicity to rainbow trout was complicated by differences in measured effect levels that were potentially the result of strain differences between test organisms in the two studies.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/06-539r.1 | DOI Listing |
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