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The cryopreservation of articular cartilage with survival of living cells has been a difficult problem. We have provided evidence that this is due to the formation of ice crystals in the chondrons. We have developed a method in which the concentration of the cryoprotectant dimethyl sulphoxide (Me(2)SO) is increased progressively, in steps, as cooling proceeds so that ice is never allowed to form, but the very high concentrations of Me(2)SO required at low temperatures are reached only at those low temperatures. In this paper, we describe some new experiments with discs of ovine articular cartilage similar to those used in our previous studies and we show that continuous stirring throughout the process resulted in a significant increase in the rate of (35)S sulphate incorporation into glycosoaminoglycans (GAGs), now reaching 87% of the corresponding fresh control values. We confirmed that the method is also effective for human knee joint cartilage, which gave 70% of fresh control ability to synthesise GAGs; continuous stirring was also used in this experiment. We then extended the method to ovine knee joint osteochondral dowels and showed that, again with continuous stirring, the method produced tissue concentrations of Me(2)SO that were sufficient to prevent freezing in dowels too, and to permit cell function at 60% of control. The most important mechanical property (instantaneous compressive modulus) was unaffected by the process. Finally, we experimented with some technical variations to facilitate clinical use-a more rapid process for warming and removal of Me(2)SO was developed and a method of short-term storage before or after cryopreservation was developed. Finally, pilot experiments were carried out to provide proof of principle for a closed, continuous flow method in which both temperature and Me(2)SO concentration were computer-controlled.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2007.06.005 | DOI Listing |
J Magn Reson Imaging
December 2024
Center of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Background: Three-dimensional MR fingerprinting (3D-MRF) has been increasingly used to assess cartilage degeneration, particularly in the knee joint, by looking into multiple relaxation parameters. A comparable 3D-MRF approach can be adapted to assess cartilage degeneration for the hip joint, with changes to accommodate specific challenges of hip joint imaging.
Purpose: To demonstrate the feasibility and repeatability of 3D-MRF in the bilateral hip jointly we map proton density (PD), T, T, T, and ∆B in clinically feasible scan times.
Mol Med Rep
March 2025
Department of Orthopedics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disorder involving the cartilage and other joint tissues. Quercetin (QCT) serves a protective role in the development of OA. However, to the best of our knowledge, the regulatory mechanisms of QCT in the progression of OA have not yet been fully elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
December 2024
Central Laboratory of Yong-chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an important autoimmune disease that affects synovial tissues, accompanied by redness, pain, and swelling as main symptoms, which will limit the quality of daily life and even cause disability. Multiple coupling effects among the various cells in the synovial micro-environment modulate the poor progression and development of diseases. Respectively, synovium is the primary target tissue of inflammatory articular pathologies; synovial hyperplasia, and excessive accumulation of immune cells lead to joint remodelling and destroyed function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
December 2024
Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by the progressive degradation of articular cartilage, resulting in pain and reduced mobility. Turmeric ( L.) has been widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain inadequately explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioact Mater
March 2025
Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, USA.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a condition that affects the quality of life of millions of patients worldwide. Current clinical treatments, in most cases, lead to cartilage repair with deposition of fibrocartilage tissue, which is mechanically inferior and not as durable as hyaline cartilage tissue. We designed an mRNA delivery strategy to enhance the natural healing potential of autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) for articular cartilage repair.
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