We study the spin dynamics of quasi-one-dimensional F=1 condensates both at zero and finite temperatures for arbitrary initial spin configurations. The rich dynamical evolution exhibited by these nonlinear systems is explained by surprisingly simple principles: minimization of energy at zero temperature and maximization of entropy at high temperature. Our analytical results for the homogeneous case are corroborated by numerical simulations for confined condensates in a wide variety of initial conditions. These predictions compare qualitatively well with recent experimental observations and can, therefore, serve as a guidance for ongoing experiments.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.020404 | DOI Listing |
Chemistry
January 2025
University of Vermont College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Innovation Hall, 82 University Place, 05405, Burlington, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Pressure is mounting to minimize the carbon footprint of chemical industry while increasing its sustainability. An argument is made that working from Green Chemistry principles during discovery-based catalysis results in effective chemistry and circumvents a need to "rediscover" chemical reactivity under sustainable conditions. Examples of comparative success in selected examples of hydrophosphination catalysis in various degrees of development are provided to support two main ideas: 1) Starting from more sustainable practices in chemical discovery is inertia in methodology that should be overcome, and 2) Substantial challenges remain in catalysis for which sustainable solution would positively impact other areas of chemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pulm Med
January 2025
Institute of Public Health, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria.
Introduction: Respiratory disorders pose a serious health risk for quarry workers exposed to dust, as they are a leading source of morbidity and mortality globally, often resulting in irreversible lung conditions. This study assessed the prevalence and determinants of restrictive disorder among quarry workers in Umuoghara quarry site, Ebonyi State.
Methods: This study was done on quarry workers at the Umuoghara quarry site, Ebonyi State.
Biomed Opt Express
January 2025
Department of Electronic Engineering, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
Optical diffraction tomography enables label-free, 3D refractive index (RI) imaging of biological samples. We present a novel, cost-effective approach to ODT that employs a modular design incorporating a self-reference holographic capture module. This two-part system consists of an illumination module and a capture module that can be seamlessly integrated with any life-science microscope using an automated alignment protocol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow-temperature phase (β-form) barium borate (BBO) is one of the most important nonlinear crystals that has been widely used for optical second-harmonic generation (SHG), especially with femtosecond sources. There was growing interest in its applications in the direct generation of terahertz (THz) radiations, but it was hindered by the lack of knowledge of its basic properties in the THz range. In a recent study based on first-principles quantum chemistry calculation, we found that the theoretically calculated refractive indices of β-BBO in the THz frequency range do not agree with the previously reported values.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
January 2025
Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Process Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 9, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
Effective potential methods, obtained by applying a quantum correction to a classical pair potential, are widely used for describing the thermophysical properties of fluids with mild nuclear quantum effects. In case of strong nuclear quantum effects, such as for liquid hydrogen and helium, the accuracy of these quantum corrections deteriorates significantly, but at present no simple alternatives are available. In this work, we solve this issue by developing a new, three-parameter corresponding-states principle that remains applicable in the regions of the phase diagram where quantum effects become significant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!