Department of Paediatric Cardiac Surgery, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill NHS Trust, Dalnair Street, Glasgow G3 8SJ, UK.
Published: February 2006
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
A best evidence topic in pediatric cardiac surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether sildenafil was effective in treating postoperative pulmonary hypertension after pediatric heart surgery. Altogether 28 papers were found using the reported search, of which three represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results, and study weaknesses were tabulated. We conclude that oral sildenafil may be useful in reducing pulmonary vascular resistance and can be considered for treatment of postoperative pulmonary hypertension after pediatric heart surgery. However, evidence from a large, multicenter, randomized controlled trial is needed to validate the safety and efficacy of sildenafil for use in postoperative pediatric cardiac surgical patients.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease characterized by vascular reHypoxiaing, endothelial cell dysfunction, and inflammation. Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1, also known as STK11) is a central regulator of cell polarity and energy homeostasis. However, its specific role and mechanism of action in PH remain unclear.
Background: The current guidelines recommend patient stratification based on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to identify individuals with potential pulmonary hypertension (PH). We validated the relationship between PH and the pulmonary artery diameter (PAD) on computed tomography (CT) with peak tricuspid regurgitant velocity (TRV) measured by TTE for referral of patients with suspected PH for TTE screening.
Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of CT-based PAD of 2356 patients who underwent TTE from February 2, 2013 to December 25, 2019 at our institution.
To evaluate dual-layer dual-energy computed tomography (dlDECT)-based characterization of thrombus composition for differentiation of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). This retrospective single center cohort study included 49 patients with acute PE and 33 patients with CTEPH who underwent CT pulmonary angiography on a dlDECT from 06/2016 to 06/2022. Conventional images), material specific images (virtual non-contrast [VNC], iodine density overlay [IDO], electron density [ED]), and virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) were analyzed.
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, an exceedingly rare and aggressive primary cardiac tumor arising from mesenchymal stem cells, is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality despite adequate treatment. A 52-year-old female presented with a 2-month history of angina and dyspnea on exertion. Her clinical history included severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 myocarditis and iron deficiency anemia.
Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe and progressive lung disease that significantly impairs patients' health and imposes heavy clinical and economic burdens. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive epidemiological analysis on the global burden and trends of PAH.
Methods: We estimated the prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of PAH from 1990 to 2021 using the results of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD).
