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Multiprotein genetic vaccine in the SIV-Macaca animal model: a promising approach to generate sterilizing immunity to HIV infection. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study explored two different vaccination regimens using a mix of structural and regulatory proteins from Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) to develop an HIV/AIDS vaccine in cynomolgus monkeys.
  • - Monkeys received either Modified Vaccine Ankara (MVA-J5) or a combination of DNA, Semliki forest virus, and MVA vectors, and were challenged with SIV to evaluate their immune responses.
  • - While both regimens generated immune responses, only the combination regimen significantly reduced viral replication in most monkeys, highlighting the potential of multiprotein vaccines in generating effective immunity against viruses.

Article Abstract

Background: Vaccine combining structural and regulatory proteins is an emerging approach to develop an HIV/AIDS vaccine and therefore, the immunogenicity and efficacy of two regimens of immunization combining structural (Gag/Pol, Env) and regulatory (Rev, Tat, Nef) Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) proteins were compared in cynomolgus monkeys.

Methods: Monkeys were immunized with Modified Vaccine Ankara vector (MVA-J5) (protocol 1) or with DNA, Semliki forest virus and MVA vectors (DNA/SFV/MVA) (protocol 2). At week 32, all monkeys were challenge intravenously (protocol 1) or intrarectally (protocol 2) with 50 MID(50) of SIVmac251. Humoral, proliferative responses and in particular in protocol 2, the frequency of IFN-gamma producing cells, were measured in all monkeys before and after the challenge.

Results: Both vaccine regimens elicited humoral and proliferative responses but failed to induce neutralizing antibodies. Upon intravenous challenge, two out of three MVA-J5 vaccinated monkeys exhibited a long-term control of the viral replication whereas DNA/SFV/MVA vaccine abrogated the virus replication up to undetectable level in three out of four vaccinated monkeys. A major contribution to this vaccine effect appeared to be the IFN-gamma/ELISPOT responses to vaccine antigens (Gag, Rev Tat and Nef).

Conclusions: These results, indicate that multiprotein heterologous prime-boost vaccination can induce a robust vaccine-induced immunity able to abrogate virus replication.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0684.2007.00236.xDOI Listing

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