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Structural analysis of a membrane-associated delta-6 fatty acid desaturase from Prorocentrum micans.
J Phycol
January 2025
Department of Food & Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Delta-6 fatty acid desaturases, which play key roles in the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are membrane-associated enzymes that present significant challenges for isolation and purification, complicating their structural characterization. Here we report the identification and structure-function analysis of a novel Δ6 fatty acid desaturase (PmD6) from the marine alga Prorocentrum micans with substrate preference to α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3). Structural modeling revealed a mushroom-like structure of PmD6 formed by four transmembrane α-helices as a stem and three cytoplasmic domains as a cap.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscriptome and Metabolome Insights into Key Genes Regulating Fat Deposition and Meat Quality in Pig Breeds.
Animals (Basel)
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Meat quality is a complex trait that exhibits significant variation across pig breeds, and the regulatory mechanisms governing pork meat quality are not fully elucidated. We compared the transcriptomics and metabolomics of the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle between the Songliao Black Pig (SBP) and Large White × Landrace Pig (LWLDP) to investigate breed-specific differences in meat quality and underlying regulatory pathways. The results showed that SBP meat had a higher marbling score and backfat thickness, a richer color, a lower shear force, and reduced drip loss.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDoes periphyton turn less palatable under grazing pressure?
ISME Commun
January 2024
Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China.
Periphyton acts as an important primary producer in stream food webs with bottom-up grazing pressure and is also subject to effects of top-down grazing pressure. However, the underlying mechanisms of these interactions remain unclear. In this study we conducted a mesocosm experiment to explore the periphyton response to grazing pressure by the freshwater snail in relation to food quality indicated by polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biomarkers, including eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n3) and the 22C fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3), which are essential for cell growth and reproduction and cannot be synthesized by most consumers of periphyton.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMice born to mothers fed a diet high in omega-6 fatty acids and low in omega-3 fatty acids during pregnancy exhibit various behavioral changes including impaired social behaviors and enhanced recognition memory.
J Nutr
January 2025
Department of Physiology and Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
Background: Modern dietary trends have led to an increase in foods that are relatively high in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and low in n-3 PUFAs. We previously reported that the offspring of mother mice that consumed a diet high in n-6 linoleic acid (LA) and low in n-3 α-linolenic acid (ALA), hereinafter called the LA/ALA diet, exhibit behavioral abnormalities related to anxiety and feeding.
Objective: We currently lack a comprehensive overview of the behavioral abnormalities in these offspring, which was investigated in this study.
Maternal plasma choline levels are positively correlated with maternal and placental phospholipid-DHA content in females with obesity who receive DHA supplementation.
J Nutr
December 2024
Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. Electronic address:
Pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity are characterized by metabolic differences affecting placental nutrient transport and fetal development. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is critical for fetal brain development and is primarily incorporated into phosphatidylcholine (PC). Recent evidence suggests choline may enhance PC-DHA synthesis; however, data on the impact of maternal plasma choline on placental phospholipid DHA content in females with obesity are limited.
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