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Anti-immune complex antibodies are elicited during repeated immunization with HIV Env immunogens.
Sci Immunol
January 2025
Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Vaccination strategies against HIV-1 aim to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) using prime-boost regimens with HIV envelope (Env) immunogens. Epitope mapping has shown that early antibody responses are directed to easily accessible nonneutralizing epitopes on Env instead of bnAb epitopes. Autologously neutralizing antibody responses appear upon boosting, once immunodominant epitopes are saturated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtra-Cavitary Primary Effusion Lymphoma in a Patient Co-infected With HIV-1 and HIV-2: A Case Review.
Cureus
December 2024
Infectious Diseases, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Lisbon, PRT.
Extra-cavitary primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), often associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) infection, represents a rare and aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is predominantly found in individuals with severe immunosuppression. As an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated lymphoma, PEL typically manifests in the context of advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, requiring tailored therapeutic approaches to manage both the lymphoma and underlying immunodeficiency. A 53-year-old male patient from Cape Verde presented with a three-day history of fever, night sweats, right iliac fossa pain, hematochezia, and an unintentional weight loss of five kilograms over the previous two months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPtosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients under long-term antiretroviral treatment.
Clin Neurol Neurosurg
December 2024
Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina-Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Objective: To present cases of ptosis in HIV-1 patients on long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) and review the existing literature.
Methods: Five HIV-1-positive patients with slowly progressive bilateral ptosis underwent a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, including imaging studies, neurophysiological testing, muscle biopsy, and genetic analysis. A literature review was conducted.
Association of prior tuberculosis with cardiovascular status in perinatally HIV-1-infected adolescents.
Open Heart
November 2024
Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, Republic of South Africa.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how co-occurring HIV and tuberculosis (TB) affect the heart's efficiency in adolescents with HIV acquired at birth (APHIV) in Cape Town, South Africa.
- Researchers hypothesized that APHIV individuals who had previous TB would show worse cardiovascular health due to increased inflammation and disrupted metabolism.
- Results indicated that APHIV with prior TB had lower cardiac efficiency compared to those without TB, but this was not linked to traditional markers of inflammation or lipid levels, suggesting other factors may be involved.
Oral Manifestations of HIV Infection and Dental Health Needs of Children with HIV Attending HIV Treatment Clinics in Western Cameroon.
Int J MCH AIDS
September 2024
Department of Community Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, South Africa.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates oral health issues among children living with HIV in Bafoussam, Cameroon, highlighting the continued public health challenge posed by HIV even with effective treatment.
- It involved a survey of 163 children, showing high rates of viral suppression; however, many experienced oral health problems such as gingivitis and cavities, with poor dental consultation rates.
- The findings suggest that while HAART is effective, better oral hygiene practices and early treatment initiation are essential to mitigate these health issues.
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