Research testing the reformulated theory of learned helplessness has been limited by the psychometric properties of instruments used to measure children's attributional style. Thus, the goal of this investigation was to modify a relatively new measure of attributional style that has demonstrated strong psychometric properties with young children and test its psychometric properties in a group administration with a sample of 238 fifth- and sixth-grade children. Results revealed strong internal consistency and test-retest reliability, significant correlations with another measure of attributional style, depressive symptoms, optimism, learned helplessness, and a factor structure that was consistent with theory. Overall, these results provide initial support for the use of a modified paper-and-pencil version of the Children's Attributional Style Interview in a group-administered format for children as young as fifth and sixth grade.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15374410701448711 | DOI Listing |
Crim Behav Ment Health
January 2025
Department of Criminal Justice, Kutztown University, Kutztown, Pennsylvania, USA.
Background: The importation model holds that inmate behaviour is a function of behaviours and thought patterns offenders bring with them into prison from the community. It may also be that offenders export behaviours and thought patterns they develop or refine in prison when they return to the community.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine whether an increase in reactive criminal thinking in prisoners predicts recidivism following release.
Acta Psychol (Amst)
January 2025
Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná 1155, Imaculada Conceição Street, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address:
Using economic games, this study explore how perceptions of trust are influenced by variables such as facial hair style, age, and attractiveness. The aim was to investigate the impact of facial characteristics on financial decisions related to trust. To achieve this, the study conducted a controlled trust experiment in a laboratory setting, manipulating the age and types of facial hair of the individuals being trusted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQ J Exp Psychol (Hove)
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Decision perseveration is consistently observed in recognition tests, such that judgments tend to repeat (e.g., "old" responses tend to follow "old" responses) across trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoc Cogn Affect Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom.
In the Ouija board phenomenon, the lack of agency experienced by the players leads them to attribute the movement of the planchette to spirits. The aim of this study was to investigate the neural and cognitive mechanisms involved in generating the sense of agency in such a joint action context. Two players (a participant and a confederate) jointly moved a Ouija board style planchette containing a wireless mouse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfancy
January 2025
Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
East Asians are more likely than North Americans to attend to visual scenes holistically, focusing on the relations between objects and their background rather than isolating components. This cultural difference in context sensitivity-greater attentional allocation to the background of an image or scene-has been attributed to socialization, yet it is unknown how early in development it appears, and whether it is moderated by social information. We employed eye-tracking to investigate context-sensitivity in 15-month-olds in Japan (n = 45) and the United States (n = 52).
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