In this paper the dynamics of a tritrophic food chain (resource, consumer, top predator) is investigated, with particular attention not only to equilibrium states but also to cyclic behaviours that the system may exhibit. The analysis is performed in terms of two bifurcation parameters, denoted by p and q, which measure the efficiencies of the interaction processes. The persistence of the system is discussed, characterizing in the (p; q) plane the regions of existence and stability of biologically significant steady states and those of existence of limit cycles. The bifurcations occurring are discussed, and their implications with reference to biological control problems are considered. Examples of the rich dynamics exhibited by the model, including a chaotic regime, are described.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2007.4.431 | DOI Listing |
New Phytol
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
The effects of drought stress on stomatal opening dynamics, plant volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and plant-insect interactions have been well-documented individually, but how they interact mechanistically remains poorly studied. Here, we studied how drought-triggered stomatal closure affects VOC emission and plant-trophic interactions by combining RNAi silencing, molecular biological and chemical analyses (GC-MS) of a potato-tuber moth-egg parasitoid tritrophic system. Drought stress attenuated stomatal apertures and VOC emissions, which made the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcol Lett
November 2024
Department of Ecosystems Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Ecology
December 2024
Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Human-caused global change produces biotic and abiotic conditions that increase the uncertainty and risk of failure of restoration efforts. A focus of managing for resiliency, that is, the ability of the system to respond to disturbance, has the potential to reduce this uncertainty and risk. However, identifying what drives resiliency might depend on how one measures it.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
October 2024
Departamento de Matématicas, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, C. Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, Mexico.
The dynamics of a Leslie-Gower type tritrophic model are analyzed. The model considers the interaction among three populations, a resource, a predator and a superpredator. It is assumed that the predator is generalist and its interaction with the resource is according to a general Holling-type functional response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Invertebr Pathol
September 2024
Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno 1664 N. Virginia Street MS 0314, Reno, NV, 89557, USA; Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno 1664 N. Virginia Street MS 0314, Reno, NV, 89557, USA. Electronic address:
Insects are attacked by a diverse range of microbial pathogens in the wild. In herbivorous species, larval host plants frequently play a critical role in mediating susceptibility to infection. Characterizing such plant-mediated effects on herbivore-pathogen interactions can provide insight into patterns of infection across wild populations.
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