Peripheral association of a polyprotein precursor form of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Tomato ringspot virus with the membrane-bound viral replication complex.

Replication of Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) occurs in association with endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived membranes. We have previously shown that the putative nucleotide triphosphate-binding protein (NTB) of ToRSV is an ER-targeted protein and that an intermediate polyprotein containing the domains for NTB and for the genome-linked viral protein (VPg) is associated with the replication complex. We now report the detection of a 95-kDa polyprotein that contains the domains for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (Pol), the proteinase (Pro) and the VPg. This polyprotein appears to be a truncated version of the full-length 111-kDa VPg-Pro-Pol polyprotein and was termed VPg-Pro-Pol'. A subpopulation of VPg-Pro-Pol' was peripherally associated with ER-derived membranes active in viral replication. However, the VPg, Pro and Pol domains did not target to membranes in the absence of viral infection. We propose a model in which VPg-Pro-Pol' is brought to the site of replication through interaction with a viral membrane protein.