Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 144
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 144
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 212
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3106
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Monocytes play a crucial role in controlling malaria infection. To facilitate our research into the development of antibody-mediated immunity against pregnancy-associated malaria we have established several novel malaria-specific flow cytometric phagocytosis assays based on ethidium bromide staining of DNA present in blood stage trophozoites. The first assay quantifies the ability of sera to opsonise trophozoites and promotes phagocytosis by the monocytic cell line THP1. This measures the levels of functional antibodies to the chosen strain of parasite. The second assay is a whole blood phagocytosis assay which measures the phagocytic ability of patient monocytes ex vivo. The third assay employs simultaneous labelling of trophozoites with ethidium bromide and erythrocytes with fluorescein isothiocyanate to compare phagocytosis of both non-infected and parasitised erythrocytes to assess possible bystander effects on uninfected erythrocytes. These assays have the advantage over other malaria phagocytosis assays in that they are rapid, simple and specific to malaria-infected cells and avoid potential bias associated with manual counting.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2007.05.012 | DOI Listing |
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