In the nanocomposite bone, inorganic material is combined with several types of organic molecules, and these complexes have been proposed to increase the bone strength. Here we report on a mechanism of how one of these components, human osteopontin, forms large mechanical networks that can repeatedly dissipate energy through work against entropy by breaking sacrificial bonds and stretching hidden length. The behavior of these in vitro networks is similar to that of organic components in bone, acting as an adhesive layer in between mineralized fibrils.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl0712769 | DOI Listing |
Nature
September 2024
Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA.
Any electrical signal propagating in a metallic conductor loses amplitude due to the natural resistance of the metal. Compensating for such losses presently requires repeatedly breaking the conductor and interposing amplifiers that consume and regenerate the signal. This century-old primitive severely constrains the design and performance of modern interconnect-dense chips.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
August 2024
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
It remains a great challenge to achieve strong and reversible hydrogel adhesion. Hydrogel adhesives also suffer from poor environmental stability due to dehydration. To overcome these problems, here reversible adhesive gels are designed using a new switching mechanism and new solvent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
March 2024
Department of Physics, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets, NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
We propose and demonstrate a unified hierarchical method to measure n-point correlation functions that can be applied to driven, dissipative, or otherwise open or nonequilibrium quantum systems. In this method, the time evolution of the system is repeatedly interrupted by interacting an ancilla qubit with the system through a controlled operation, and measuring the ancilla immediately afterward. We discuss the robustness of this method as compared to other ancilla-based interferometric techniques (such as the Hadamard test), and highlight its advantages for near-term quantum simulations of open quantum systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Methods
January 2024
Institute for Soil Sciences, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Ottó út 15., 1022, Budapest, Hungary.
Background: The measurement of root dielectric response is a useful non-destructive method to evaluate root growth and function. Previous studies tracked root development throughout the plant growing cycle by single-time electrical measurements taken repeatedly. However, it is known that root conductivity and uptake activity can change rapidly, coupled with the day/night cycles of photosynthetic and transpiration rate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
October 2023
Laboratory of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
The application of manures leads to the contamination of agricultural soils with veterinary antibiotics (VAs). These might exert toxicity on the soil microbiota and threaten environmental quality, and public health. We obtained mechanistic insights about the impact of three VAs, namely, sulfamethoxazole (SMX), tiamulin (TIA) and tilmicosin (TLM), on the abundance of key soil microbial groups, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and class I integron integrases (intl1).
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