Transmission scanning-based estimation of the attenuation map plays a crucial role in quantitative radionuclide imaging. X-ray computed tomography (CT) reconstructs directly the attenuation coefficients map from data transmitted through the object. This paper proposes an alternative route for reconstructing the object attenuation map by exploiting Compton scatter of transmitted radiation from an externally placed radionuclide source. In contrast to conventional procedures, data acquisition is realized as a series of images parameterized by the Compton scattering angle and registered on a stationary gamma camera operating without spatial displacement. Numerical simulation results using realistic voxel-based phantoms are presented to illustrate the efficiency of this new transmission scanning approach for attenuation map reconstruction. The encouraging results presented in this paper may suggest the possibility of proposing a new concept for emission/transmission imaging using scattered radiation, which has many advantages compared to conventional technologies.
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