Breast cancer is a major health problem as well as scientifically poorly understood. Our knowledge of breast cancer is however rapidly progressing in several directions. First, genomic studies are establishing a new molecular classification of breast cancers. Molecular subtypes have been identified and are being associated with the histoclinical forms of breast cancers. Second, genetic alterations are discovered and classified, generating new potential therapeutical targets. Third, mammary stem cells have been identified in the normal mammary epithelium. Their altered counterparts have been identified in tumors and are being characterized. These combined studies allow a new integrated cellular and molecular definition of breast cancers and a conceptual basis that will help the management of the disease.
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Survival Among Patients With ERBB2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer and Central Nervous System Disease.
JAMA Netw Open
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Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Metastasis Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
Importance: Approximately one-third of patients with ERBB2 (formerly HER2 or HER2/neu)-positive (ERBB2+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) develop brain metastasis. It is unclear whether patients with disease limited to the central nervous system (CNS) have different outcomes and causes of death compared with those with concomitant extracranial metastasis.
Objective: To assess overall survival (OS) and CNS-related mortality among patients with ERBB2+ breast cancer and a diagnosis of CNS disease by disease distribution (CNS only vs CNS plus extracranial metastasis).
Subareolar sclerosing ductal hyperplasia shows PI3K pathway alterations.
Histopathology
January 2025
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
Aims: Subareolar sclerosing ductal hyperplasia (SSDH) is a distinct type of complex sclerosing hyperplastic lesion first described by Rosen in 1987. There have been rare studies investigating SSDH; however, no genetic study has been performed to date.
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Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Expression of Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1 in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Mediates Tumor Growth and Transdifferentiation Toward Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Human Breast Cancer.
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Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a significant role in human breast cancer as a major stromal component. While their role in promoting cancer proliferation and malignancy through interaction with cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment is known, the exact mechanisms behind this interaction are not fully understood.
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CircPTK2 as a Valuable Biomarker and Treatment Target in Cancer.
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Department of Anorectal Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Circular RNA (CircRNA)s, a newly discovered type of noncoding RNAs, have been found to play a role in controlling the development and aggressiveness of tumors. Abnormal control of circRNA has been observed in various types of human cancers, including bladder cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), breast cancer, and gastric cancer (GC). CircRNAs possess binding sites for microRNAs (miRNAs) and function as miRNA sponges in posttranscriptional regulation.
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