The secretagogue activity of 30 different anthracene and diphenylmethane derivatives was investigated by determining their influence on water, sodium and potassium absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat by direct administration into the rat colon. To obtain an effect two phenolic groups are necessary. However the distance between these groups seems to be a major factor for secretagogue activity. In the case of the anthranoids an intact anthraquinone or anthrone structure is a prerequisite.
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Environ Sci Process Impacts
May 2023
Université Du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Chemistry Department, Qc, Canada.
Isocyanates are reactive semivolatile contaminants that must be assessed in occupational environments, and specific evaluation methods are required to address the challenges related to isocyanate emission characteristics. Several standard methods exist, but significant differences remain regarding the diversity of industrial isocyanate emissions. This study presents a method to establish a baseline comparison of three sampling principles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Occup Environ Hyg
April 2021
Laboratory Division, Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Diisocyanates are occupational contaminants and known sensitizers causing irritation (skin and respiratory tract) as well as occupational asthma. Because of their physicochemical properties (semi-volatile and high reactivity) and low occupational limits, diisocyanate exposure evaluation is still a challenge nowadays for industrial hygienists and laboratories. The objective of this study was to compare the methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) concentrations measured by five methods using different collection or derivatization approaches in an oriented-strand board (OSB) factory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Microbiol Biotechnol
August 2018
Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Entuziastov 13, Saratov, Russia, 410049.
The ability of the litter-decomposing basidiomycete Stropharia rugosoannulata DSM 11372 to degrade a wide range of structurally different environmental pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs: phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorene, pyrene, and fluoranthene), synthetic anthraquinone dyes containing condensed aromatic rings, environmentally relevant alkylphenol and oxyethylated alkylphenol representatives, and oil was demonstrated within the present study. 9,10-Anthraquinone, phenanthrene-9,10-quinone, and 9-fluorenone were identified as products of anthracene, phenanthrene, and fluorene degradation, respectively. Fungal degradation was accompanied by the production of the ligninolytic enzymes: laccase and Mn peroxidase, suggesting their involvement in pollutant degradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Occup Environ Hyg
October 2016
a Institut de Recherche Robert-Sauvé en Santé et en Sécurité du Travail (IRSST) , Montréal , Québec , Canada.
Isocyanate thermal degradation characterization by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry has been performed to elucidate the methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) thermal degradation structure emitted in a generation chamber using a temperature between 50°C and 180°C to produce MDI vapors. [M+H](+) ions containing an isocyanate functional group were studied by tandem mass spectrometry. The [M+H](+) ion analyses based on the combination of full scans and precursor ion scans were useful for identifying all structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
November 2010
Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States.
Photoinitiated charge separation (CS) and recombination (CR) in a series of donor-bridge-acceptor (D-B-A) molecules with cross-conjugated, linearly conjugated, and saturated bridges have been compared and contrasted using time-resolved spectroscopy. The photoexcited charge transfer state of 3,5-dimethyl-4-(9-anthracenyl)julolidine (DMJ-An) is the donor, and naphthalene-1,8:4,5-bis(dicarboximide) (NI) is the acceptor in all cases, along with 1,1-diphenylethene, trans-stilbene, diphenylmethane, and xanthone bridges. Photoinitiated CS through the cross-conjugated 1,1-diphenylethene bridge is about 30 times slower than through its linearly conjugated trans-stilbene counterpart and is comparable to that observed through the diphenylmethane bridge.
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