Increases in several ceramide species have been shown by non-targeted lipid profiling (lipidomics) of the rat hippocampus after kainate lesions (Guan et al. FASEB J 20:1152-1161, 2006). This study was carried out to examine possible effects of ceramide species on exocytosis. Significant increase in membrane capacitance in voltage-clamped rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, an indication of exocytosis, was detected immediately after external application of C2, C6, and C18 ceramide. In contrast, no increase in capacitance was found after addition of C16 and C20 ceramide, or DMSO vehicle. The effect of ceramide on exocytosis was dependent on the integrity of lipid rafts. Treatment of cells with the cholesterol binding agent/disruptor of lipid rafts, methyl beta cyclodextrin, prior to addition of C18 ceramide suppressed the increase in capacitance induced by this lipid species. The ability of C2, C6 and C18 ceramide to trigger exocytosis was confirmed using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) experiments. External application of these species caused an exponential decrease in the number of subplasmalemmal neuropeptide Y (NPY)-enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) labeled vesicles, indicating exocytosis. Interestingly, C18 is also the ceramide species that showed the greatest increase in the rat hippocampus after kainate excitotoxicity. It is postulated that C18 ceramide might facilitate exocytosis of glutamate from damaged neurons, thus propagating neuronal injury.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-007-1036-7 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Milk Fat Globules: 2024 Updates.
Newborn (Clarksville)
March 2024
Global Newborn Society, Clarksville Maryland, United States of America.
Article Synopsis
- * MFGs feature a unique structure with a lipid core and a membrane rich in bioactive components that aid in energy release and support immune health in developing gastrointestinal tracts.
- * Research suggests MFGs can be enhanced to address specific nutritional deficiencies while also having potential therapeutic benefits for neurodevelopment and defense against infections.
The Interplay between Oxidative Stress and Sphingolipid Metabolism in Endometrial Cancer.
Int J Mol Sci
September 2024
Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women. Sphingolipids, a group of lipids, play a key role in cancer biology. Cancer cells often exhibit abnormal redox homeostasis characterized by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOxidised phosphatidylcholine induces sarcolemmal ceramide accumulation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
Diabetologia
December 2024
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Intracellular accumulation of ceramide in muscle cells may be a key factor in insulin resistance linked to type 2 diabetes, particularly influenced by oxidised phosphatidylcholine found in oxidised LDL.
- A study involving 58 individuals showed that higher levels of oxidised phosphatidylcholine are associated with decreased insulin sensitivity and increased ceramide levels in skeletal muscle.
- Experiments on rat muscle cells revealed that specific oxidised phosphatidylcholine species, like POVPC, promote ceramide accumulation, trigger inflammation, and contribute to insulin resistance.
CERS1 is a biomarker of Staphylococcus aureus abundance and atopic dermatitis severity.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
September 2024
Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin condition linked to varying levels of Staphylococcus aureus, which affects disease severity and responds to treatments like dupilumab.
- This study aimed to identify host genes related to S aureus levels and AD severity using data from a clinical trial involving 71 adults with moderate-to-severe AD.
- The findings revealed a positive correlation between CERS1 expression (a gene associated with skin lipids) and both S aureus abundance and AD severity, suggesting CERS1 could serve as a biomarker for skin barrier dysfunction, with changes observable after dupilumab treatment.
Common Bean Suppresses Hepatic Ceramide Metabolism in a Mouse Model of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.
Nutrients
September 2024
Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
The incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a condition linked to the ongoing obesity pandemic, is rapidly increasing worldwide. In turn, its multifactorial etiology is consistently associated with low dietary quality. Changing dietary macronutrient and phytochemical quality via incorporating cooked common bean into an obesogenic diet formulation has measurable health benefits on the occurrence of both obesity and hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6 mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!