Postoperative radiotherapy in stage IB squamous cell cervical cancer.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate postoperative whole pelvic radiation for high-risk patients with FIGO Stage IB cervical cancer.

Methods: One hundred and forty-eight patients with Stage IB squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix underwent radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. The low-risk group included patients without unfavorable prognostic factors who were treated only by surgery. The high-risk group included women with pelvic node metastases, with positive or close surgical margins, clinical tumor size > 4.0 cm, depth of stromal invasion > 1/3 the cervical wall, grade 3 tumor and presence of lymphovascular space involvement. High-risk patients received whole pelvic radiotherapy between two and four weeks after surgery.

Results: Seventy patients (47.3%) were low risk and 78 patients (52.7%) were high risk. Locoregional recurrences were diagnosed in nine cases (12.8%) in the surgery group and in 11 patients (14.1%) assigned to radiotherapy. The incidence of distant metastases was 2.8% in the surgery group and 6.4% in the surgery and radiotherapy group. Overall survival at five years was 88.6% in the low-risk group and 84.7% in the high-risk group.

Conclusion: Five-year overall survival, locoregional and distant metastases were similar in the low-risk and high-risk groups of patients, thus emphasizing the value of whole pelvic radiation in patients with unfavorable prognostic factors in Stage IB cervical cancer.