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Electrochemical attosyringe. | LitMetric

Electrochemical attosyringe.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, USA.

Published: July 2007

AI Article Synopsis

  • The manipulation of tiny liquid volumes is crucial in various fields, especially for injecting large molecules into living cells, as traditional methods face size and control limitations.
  • This study highlights a new technique using electrochemical control to effectively draw and inject minuscule amounts of fluids (attoliter-to-picoliter volumes) through a nanopipette into cells.
  • Successful experiments involved injecting fluorescent dyes into human breast cells, showcasing potential uses in cell biology, nanolithography, and microfluidics.

Article Abstract

The ability to manipulate ultrasmall volumes of liquids is essential in such diverse fields as cell biology, microfluidics, capillary chromatography, and nanolithography. In cell biology, it is often necessary to inject material of high molecular weight (e.g., DNA, proteins) into living cells because their membranes are impermeable to such molecules. All techniques currently used for microinjection are plagued by two common problems: the relatively large injector size and volume of injected fluid, and poor control of the amount of injected material. Here we demonstrate the possibility of electrochemical control of the fluid motion that allows one to sample and dispense attoliter-to-picoliter (10(-18) to 10(-12) liter) volumes of either aqueous or nonaqueous solutions. By changing the voltage applied across the liquid/liquid interface, one can produce a sufficient force to draw solution inside a nanopipette and then inject it into an immobilized biological cell. A high success rate was achieved in injections of fluorescent dyes into cultured human breast cells. The injection of femtoliter-range volumes can be monitored by video microscopy, and current/resistance-based approaches can be used to control injections from very small pipettes. Other potential applications of the electrochemical syringe include fluid dispensing in nanolithography and pumping in microfluidic systems.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1924598PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0705102104DOI Listing

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