The efficient synthesis of fluorescent and non-fluorescent multivalent neoglycoconjugates is described by means of the Cu(i) catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition ("click-chemistry"). A well-defined glycopolymer, glycocyclodextrin or glycocluster architecture displaying galactose or lactose epitopes has been chosen. Cellular assays using U-937 and RAW 264.7 monocyte/macrophage cells showed that these glycocompounds have the capability to act as synthetic activators mimicking the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) effects. Thus, the click compounds promote cell adhesion and stimulation of monocytes, measured as an increase in the amount of TNFalpha, facilitating their differentiation to macrophages.
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